Integrating an NTD with One of "The Big Three'': Combined Malaria and Trachoma Survey in Amhara Region of Ethiopia
Integrating an NTD with One of "The Big Three'': Combined Malaria and Trachoma Survey in Amhara Region of Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0000197
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Richards, Frank O., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emerson, Paul M.;Ngondi, Jeremiah;Richards, Frank O., Jr.
背景资料：埃塞俄比亚的阿姆哈拉地区州人口约为1960万，容易发生不稳定和流行的疟疾，并受到沙眼的严重影响。地区卫生局正在实施疟疾和沙眼综合控制方案。为了提供基线数据，在2006年12月进行了一项调查，以估计疟疾寄生虫的患病率，疟疾指标，沙眼的患病率，沙眼的危险因素，在家庭和所有年龄段的人在每个国家的10个区，不包括三个城市中心（0.4%的人口）。采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法，在10个区的每个区随机抽取16个组，每组25户。对户主进行了疟疾指标和沙眼风险因素访谈（N = 4 101）。所有人都接受了沙眼体征检查（N = 17 242），偶数家庭的人提供了用于疟原虫检测的血膜（N = 7 745）;厚血膜和薄血膜都被读取。带状疟原虫流行率范围为2.4%至6.1%，全州总流行率为4.6%（95%置信区间（CI）：3.8%-5.6%）。恶性疟原虫与间日疟原虫的比率为0.9-2.1，整个区域的比率为1.2。共有14.8%的家庭报告在过去一年使用过室内滞留喷洒，34.7%的家庭至少有一顶蚊帐，16.1%的家庭有一顶或多顶长效驱虫蚊帐。带状沙眼患病率（1-9岁儿童的沙眼性滤泡性炎症[ WHO分级TF]）范围为12.6%-60.1%，全州总患病率为32.7%（95% CI：29.2%-36.5%）。全州15岁以上人群沙眼性倒睫（TT）患病率为6.2%（95%CI：5.3-7.4），0-14岁儿童为0.3%（95%CI：0.2-0.5）。总的来说，估计有643,904人（下限419,274，上限975,635）TT和需要立即纠正surgical.Conclusions/意义：结果提供了广泛的基线数据，以指导规划，实施和评价综合疟疾和沙眼控制计划在阿姆哈拉。综合调查的成功是朝着证明优先被忽视的热带疾病的控制可以与“三大”杀手疾病之一结合起来迈出的第一步。
Background: Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia has a population of approximately 19.6 million, is prone to unstable and epidemic malaria, and is severely affected by trachoma. An integrated malaria and trachoma control program is being implemented by the Regional Health Bureau. To provide baseline data, a survey was conducted during December 2006 to estimate malaria parasite prevalence, malaria indicators, prevalence of trachoma, and trachoma risk factors in households and people of all ages in each of the ten zones of the state, excluding three urban centers (0.4% of the population).Methodology/Principal Findings: The study was designed to provide prevalence estimates at zone and state levels. Using multi-stage cluster random sampling, 16 clusters of 25 households were randomly selected in each of the ten zones. Household heads were interviewed for malaria indicators and trachoma risk factors (N = 4,101). All people were examined for trachoma signs (N = 17,242), and those in even-numbered households provided blood films for malaria parasite detection (N = 7,745); both thick and thin blood films were read. Zonal malaria parasite prevalence ranged from 2.4% to 6.1%, with the overall state-wide prevalence being 4.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.8%-5.6%). The Plasmodium falciparum: Plasmodium vivax ratio ranged from 0.9-2.1 with an overall regional ratio of 1.2. A total of 14.8% of households reported indoor residual spraying in the past year, 34.7% had at least one mosquito net, and 16.1% had one or more long-lasting insecticidal net. Zonal trachoma prevalence (trachomatous inflammation follicular [ WHO grade TF] in children aged 1-9 years) ranged from 12.6% to 60.1%, with the overall state-wide prevalence being 32.7% (95% CI: 29.2%-36.5%). Statewide prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) in persons aged over fifteen was 6.2% (95% CI: 5.3-7.4), and 0.3% (95% CI: 0.2-0.5) in children aged 0-14 years. Overall, an estimated 643,904 persons (lower bound 419,274, upper bound 975,635) have TT and require immediate corrective surgery.Conclusions/Significance: The results provide extensive baseline data to guide planning, implementation, and evaluation of the integrated malaria and trachoma control program in Amhara. The success of the integrated survey is the first step towards demonstration that control of priority neglected tropical diseases can be integrated with one of the "big three'' killer diseases.