Proton energy optimization and reduction for intensity-modulated proton therapy.
Proton energy optimization and reduction for intensity-modulated proton therapy.
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DOI：
10.1088/0031-9155/59/21/6341
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发表时间：
2014-11-07
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Zhang X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cao W;Lim G;Liao L;Li Y;Jiang S;Li X;Li H;Suzuki K;Zhu XR;Gomez D;Zhang X
强度调制质子疗法(IMPT)通常是通过点扫描技术进行的。为了扫描目标体积，质子束通过改变其能量来控制，以在不同的深度穿透患者的身体。虽然用相同能量扫描质子束或斑点的速度可以达到10-20米/S，但从一个质子能量转换到另一个质子能量需要大约两秒钟的额外时间。因此，总的IMPT输送时间主要取决于在处理中使用的质子能量的数量。当前的治疗计划系统通常使用质子束在从靶的远端边缘到近端边缘的范围内穿透所需的所有质子能量。质子能量的最佳选择还没有得到很好的研究。在这项研究中，我们试图确定在IMPT计划中优化和减少质子能量数量的可行性。我们提出了一种迭代混合整数规划优化方法来选择所有可用质子能量的子集，同时满足剂量学标准。我们将我们提出的方法应用于6个患者数据集：4例前列腺癌、1例肺癌和1例间皮瘤。前列腺癌降低14.3%~18.9%，肺癌减少11.0%，间皮瘤减少26.5%。结果表明，在不降低剂量学性能的情况下，可以减少常规设计的IMPT计划中使用的质子能量的数量。通过能级优化可以提高IMPT的输送效率，从而增加繁忙的质子中心的吞吐量，在该中心中采用具有慢能量开关的输送系统。
Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) is commonly delivered via the spot-scanning technique. To “scan” the target volume, the proton beam is controlled by varying its energy to penetrate the patient’s body at different depths. Although scanning the proton beamlets or spots with the same energy can be as fast as 10–20 m/s, changing from one proton energy to another requires approximately two additional seconds. The total IMPT delivery time thus depends mainly on the number of proton energies used in a treatment. Current treatment planning systems typically use all proton energies that are required for the proton beam to penetrate in a range from the distal edge to the proximal edge of the target. The optimal selection of proton energies has not been well studied. In this study, we sought to determine the feasibility of optimizing and reducing the number of proton energies in IMPT planning. We proposed an iterative mixed-integer programming optimization method to select a subset of all available proton energies while satisfying dosimetric criteria. We applied our proposed method to six patient datasets: four cases of prostate cancer, one case of lung cancer, and one case of mesothelioma. The numbers of energies were reduced by 14.3%–18.9% for the prostate cancer cases, 11.0% for the lung cancer cases, and 26.5% for the mesothelioma case. The results indicate that the number of proton energies used in conventionally designed IMPT plans can be reduced without degrading dosimetric performance. The IMPT delivery efficiency could be improved by energy layer optimization leading to increased throughput for a busy proton center in which a delivery system with slow energy switch is employed.
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