Estrogen and the aging brain: an elixir for the weary cortical network
Estrogen and the aging brain: an elixir for the weary cortical network
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05529.x
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Morrison, John H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dumitriu, Dani;Rapp, Peter R.;Morrison, John H.
1990年，雌激素调节海马结构可塑性的惊人发现开启了一个全新的科学探索领域。在过去的二十年里，雌激素诱导的棘发生已被描述在几个大脑区域参与认知在一些物种，在两性和多个时间尺度。对雌激素和衰老之间相互作用的探索阐明了激素的一些神经保护作用，最明显的是非人类灵长类动物与年龄相关的认知能力下降。虽然仍然有很多关于雌激素发挥其作用的机制，信号转导途径的关键组成部分开始被阐明，通过膜结合雌激素受体的非基因组作用是特别感兴趣的。未来的研究重点是确定临床上最相关的激素治疗，以及潜在的新疗法，可以通过拦截雌激素启动的特定信号转导途径来预防或逆转与年龄相关的认知障碍。
The surprising discovery in 1990 that estrogen modulates hippocampal structural plasticity launched a whole new field of scientific inquiry. Over the past two decades, estrogen-induced spinogenesis has been described in several brain areas involved in cognition in a number of species, in both sexes and on multiple time scales. Exploration into the interaction between estrogen and aging has illuminated some of the hormone's neuroprotective effects, most notably on age-related cognitive decline in nonhuman primates. Although there is still much to be learned about the mechanisms by which estrogen exerts its actions, key components of the signal transduction pathways are beginning to be elucidated and nongenomic actions via membrane bound estrogen receptors are of particular interest. Future studies are focused on identifying the most clinically relevant hormone treatment, as well as the potential identification of new therapeutics that can prevent or reverse age-related cognitive impairment by intercepting specific signal transduction pathways initiated by estrogen.