Thermal comfort and passive survivability in earthen buildings
Thermal comfort and passive survivability in earthen buildings
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土质建筑的热舒适性和被动生存能力
DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110339
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
A. Rempel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lola Ben;A. Rempel
土制建筑材料由于其环境、经济和健康优势而重新受到欢迎。此外，考虑到预计在气候变化情况下的热耐受性，越来越有必要采取被动战略，尽量减少使用化石燃料进行实际空间调节。本研究使用被动生存性的透镜，研究了四种土墙组件（玉米棒子、轻质稻草粘土、不稳定夯实土、绝缘不稳定夯实土）和三种传统组件（混凝土砌体单元（CMU）、绝缘CMU、绝缘木框架）在六种不同气候下提供自适应热舒适性的能力，无论有无被动加热和冷却系统。通过模拟热湿传输算法对住宅进行了评估，表明被动调节对地球组件特别有益，将25-70%的不舒适时间带入适应性舒适区，在所有检查的气候中，在所有季节，昼夜温度波动都显着低于传统墙壁。进一步的调查表明，热通量和水分通量的地球住宅的热稳定性提供了部分水分吸附和蒸发。总之，这些结果首次表明，通过精心设计的被动加热和冷却策略，地球组件的热性能可以在美国气候范围内与传统组件相同或优于传统组件，支持其扩大纳入美国建筑规范。这项研究提供了一个新的贡献，热性能优化的地球建设，关键联系的热和吸湿性能与被动的设计策略，如遮阳，自然通风，可移动的绝缘。
Earthen building materials have been regaining popularity due to their environmental, economic, and health advantages. Furthermore, given projected thermal survivability in the face of climate change, passive strategies that minimize use of fossil fuels for operational space conditioning are becoming increasingly necessary. Using the lens of passive survivability, this research investigates the abilities of four earthen wall assemblies (cob, light straw clay, unstabilized rammed earth, insulated unstabilized rammed earth) and three conventional assemblies (concrete masonry unit (CMU), insulated CMU, insulated wood frame) to provide adaptive thermal comfort in six distinct climates, with and without passive heating and cooling systems. Residential dwellings were evaluated through simulation with heat and moisture transport algorithms, showing that passive conditioning is especially beneficial with earth assemblies, bringing 25–70% of uncomfortable annual hours into the adaptive comfort zone, alongside strikingly lower diurnal temperature swings in all examined climates, and in all seasons, than conventional walls. Further investigation into the heat and moisture fluxes reveals that the thermal stability of the earth dwellings is provided in part by moisture sorption and evaporation. Together, for the first time, these results show that the thermal performance of earth assemblies can, with well-designed passive heating and cooling strategies, equal or outperform conventional assemblies in a range of U.S. climates, supporting their expanded inclusion in U.S. building codes. This research provides a novel contribution to the thermal performance optimization of earth construction, critically linking thermal and hygroscopic performance with passive design strategies such as shading, natural ventilation, and movable insulation.
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Hall, Matthew;Allinson, David
通讯作者：
Allinson, David