Psychosocial functioning among regular cannabis users with and without cannabis use disorder.
Psychosocial functioning among regular cannabis users with and without cannabis use disorder.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291717003361
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发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Hicks BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster KT;Arterberry BJ;Iacono WG;McGue M;Hicks BM
在美国，大麻的可获得性继续上升，因为人们对其危害性的认识有所下降。只有大约30%的常规大麻使用者会患上大麻使用障碍（CUD），但目前还不清楚定期使用大麻而从未患上CUD的人是否会在整个生命周期中经历显着的心理社会障碍。因此，在青春期（17岁;早期风险）和青年期（18-25岁;高峰CUD患病率）期间，比较了有或无CUD的常规大麻使用者和非使用者对照组的心理社会功能。在明尼苏达州双胞胎家庭研究中确定了每周使用CUD的大麻用户（n = 311），每周使用CUD的用户（n = 111）和非用户（n = 996）。在17岁和18至25岁时，对酒精和非法药物使用，精神问题，个性和社会功能进行了比较。自我报告的大麻使用和问题使用共同双胞胎线人报告进行独立验证。在青少年和青年期，非CUD用户报告的物质使用问题和外化行为的水平显着高于非用户，但低于CUD用户。自我和共同双胞胎线人报告之间的高协议证实了自我报告的大麻使用问题的有效性。即使在没有CUD的情况下，经常使用大麻也与青少年和青年期的心理社会障碍有关。然而，经常使用者与CUD认可特别高的精神科合并症和心理社会损害。青少年期出现的这些模式突出了早期预防和干预的必要性-无论是否处于CUD状态。
In the United States, cannabis accessibility has continued to rise as the perception of its harmfulness has decreased. Only about 30% of regular cannabis users develop cannabis use disorder (CUD), but it is unclear if individuals who use cannabis regularly without ever developing CUD experience notable psychosocial impairment across the lifespan. Therefore, psychosocial functioning was compared across regular cannabis users with or without CUD and a non-user control group during adolescence (age 17; early risk) and young adulthood (ages 18–25; peak CUD prevalence). Weekly cannabis users with CUD (n = 311), weekly users without CUD (n = 111), and non-users (n = 996) were identified in the Minnesota Twin Family Study. Groups were compared on alcohol and illicit drug use, psychiatric problems, personality, and social functioning at age 17 and from ages 18 to 25. Self-reported cannabis use and problem use were independently verified using co-twin informant report. In both adolescence and young adulthood, non-CUD users reported significantly higher levels of substance use problems and externalizing behaviors than non-users, but lower levels than CUD users. High agreement between self- and co-twin informant reports confirmed the validity of self-reported cannabis use problems. Even in the absence of CUD, regular cannabis use was associated with psychosocial impairment in adolescence and young adulthood. However, regular users with CUD endorsed especially high psychiatric comorbidity and psychosocial impairment. The need for early prevention and intervention - regardless of CUD status - was highlighted by the presence of these patterns in adolescence.