Recent Discoveries of New Hantaviruses Widen Their Range and Question Their Origins
Recent Discoveries of New Hantaviruses Widen Their Range and Question Their Origins
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1428.064
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hugot, Jean-Pierre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Henttonen, Heikki;Buchy, Philippe;Hugot, Jean-Pierre
汉坦病毒属于布尼亚病毒科。虽然通常由野生哺乳动物宿主，但它们对人类具有潜在的致病性，并且已经鉴定出与不同综合征相关的几个血清学上不同的组。然而，大多数研究都是在汉他病毒引起的人类感染构成真实的和明确的公共卫生问题的情况下进行的，即，全北极区和新热带区。一些汉坦病毒也被描述来自印度的臭鼩（Suncus murinus）和泰国的板齿鼠（Bandicota indica）。此外，最近在柬埔寨的调查发现了新的汉坦病毒类型。最近，两个新的汉坦病毒物种被描述：Sangassou来自Hylomyscus simus，Tanganya来自Crocidura theresae，两者都来自非洲（几内亚），因此强烈质疑目前关于汉坦病毒地理范围，进化和流行病学的观点。在这样的框架下，我们进行了一项调查，汉坦病毒的多样性在东南亚，使我们能够隔离泰国病毒和解决有关其啮齿类宿主的分类问题。在这里，我们提出了一个分子分析的所有目前已知的汉坦病毒物种的代表，从而允许新描述的啮齿动物汉坦病毒的大范围样本之间的比较。我们的研究结果清楚地表明，在东南亚存在一个特定的汉坦病毒谱系。它还强烈表明，在不久的将来，可能会在人类中发现新的病毒，其他哺乳动物宿主和不同的相关综合征，特别是在东南亚和非洲，鼠科啮齿动物高度多样化。此外，还迫切需要开展更多的工作来调查与Crociduridae和Soricidae相关的汉坦病毒。
Hantaviruses belong to the Bunyaviridae family. While usually hosted by wild mammals, they are potentially pathogenic for humans, and several serologically distinct groups associated with different syndromes have been identified. Yet, investigations have mostly been conducted where human infections by hantaviruses constitute a real and well-identified public health problem, i.e., the holarctic and neotropical areas. Some hantaviruses have also been described from a Suncus murinus in India and a Bandicota indica in Thailand. In addition, recent investigations in Cambodia revealed new Hantavirus types. More recently, two new Hantavirus species were described: Sangassou from a Hylomyscus simus, and Tanganya from a Crocidura theresae, both from Africa (Guinea), thus strongly questioning the current views about geographic range, evolution, and epidemiology of hantaviruses. In such a framework, we have conducted a survey of Hantavirus diversity in Southeast Asia which allows us to isolate the Thailand virus and address questions about the taxonomy of their rodent hosts. Here we present a molecular analysis of representatives of all currently known Hantavirus species, thus allowing the comparison between the newly described ones with a large range sample of rodent hantaviruses. Our results clearly point to the presence of a particular lineage of hantaviruses in Southeast Asia. It also strongly suggests that new viruses, additional mammalian hosts and different related syndromes in humans are likely to be discovered in the near future, particularly in Southeast Asia and in Africa, where Muridae rodents are highly diversified. Furthermore, additional work is also urgently needed to investigate the hantaviruses associated with Crociduridae and Soricidae.