Viral sequence diversity: challenges for AIDS vaccine designs.

Viral sequence diversity: challenges for AIDS vaccine designs.
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DOI:
10.1586/14760584.7.9.1405
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发表时间:
2008-11
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
Ross TM
Ross TM
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
McBurney SP;Ross TM

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艾滋病疫苗开发面临的最大挑战之一是不同地理位置的艾滋病毒-1传播人群之间的内在多样性,以及开发能够引起对艾滋病毒-1变异毒株的持久保护性免疫的疫苗的必要性。虽然在所有病毒蛋白中都观察到了变异,但最大的多样性局限于病毒包膜糖蛋白,这显然反映了这些蛋白在诱导宿主免疫识别和反应中的主导作用,导致包膜蛋白在持续感染过程中的进行性进化。有趣的是,虽然包膜糖蛋白变异被广泛认为是艾滋病疫苗开发的主要障碍,但在动物或人类慢病毒系统中解决这一关键问题的实验数据很少。在这篇综述中,将介绍解决包膜多样性的疫苗的发展状况,重点是集中和多价序列设计作为诱导广泛反应性免疫反应的机制的使用。
Among the greatest challenges facing AIDS vaccine development is the intrinsic diversity among circulating populations of HIV-1 in various geographical locations and the need to develop vaccines that can elicit enduring protective immunity to variant HIV-1 strains. While variation is observed in all of the viral proteins, the greatest diversity is localized to the viral envelope glycoproteins, evidently reflecting the predominant role of these proteins in eliciting host immune recognition and responses that result in progressive evolution of the envelope proteins during persistent infection. Interestingly, while envelope glycoprotein variation is widely assumed to be a major obstacle to AIDS vaccine development, there is very little experimental data in animal or human lentivirus systems addressing this critical issue. In this review, the state of vaccine development to address envelope diversity will be presented, focusing on the use of centralized and polyvalent sequence design as mechanisms to elicit broadly reactive immune responses.
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