Lipid Metabolism at Membrane Contacts: Dynamics and Functions Beyond Lipid Homeostasis.

Lipid Metabolism at Membrane Contacts: Dynamics and Functions Beyond Lipid Homeostasis.
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膜接触处的脂质代谢:脂质稳态之外的动力学和功能。

DOI:
10.3389/fcell.2020.615856
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Huang X
Huang X
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xu J;Huang X

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膜接触位点(MCSs)是两个细胞器的膜紧密贴靠的区域,在细胞器间的通讯,如脂质运输、细胞内信号传导以及细胞器的生物发生和分裂中起着重要作用。在90年代早期首次被鉴定为“组分X”,现在广泛认识到MCS促进局部脂质合成和细胞器间脂质转移,这对于维持细胞脂质稳态是重要的。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了脂质代谢和相关的细胞和生理功能的MCSs。我们从MCS的脂质合成和分解的特点开始。然后,我们专注于蛋白质参与脂质合成和营业额在这些网站。最后,我们总结了脂质代谢在MCSs的细胞功能,不仅仅是脂质稳态,包括MCSs的生理意义和系统脂质代谢的相关性。这篇文章是文章集的一部分,标题为:耦合和解耦:膜接触的动态控制。
Membrane contact sites (MCSs), regions where the membranes of two organelles are closely apposed, play critical roles in inter-organelle communication, such as lipid trafficking, intracellular signaling, and organelle biogenesis and division. First identified as “fraction X” in the early 90s, MCSs are now widely recognized to facilitate local lipid synthesis and inter-organelle lipid transfer, which are important for maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis. In this review, we discuss lipid metabolism and related cellular and physiological functions in MCSs. We start with the characteristics of lipid synthesis and breakdown at MCSs. Then we focus on proteins involved in lipid synthesis and turnover at these sites. Lastly, we summarize the cellular function of lipid metabolism at MCSs beyond mere lipid homeostasis, including the physiological meaning and relevance of MCSs regarding systemic lipid metabolism. This article is part of an article collection entitled: Coupling and Uncoupling: Dynamic Control of Membrane Contacts.
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