Dawnside Auroral Polarization Streams

Dawnside Auroral Polarization Streams
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黎明极光偏振流

DOI:
10.1029/2019ja027742
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Zou, Ying
Zou, Ying
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu, Jiang;Lyons, L. R.;Wang, Chih‐Ping;Hairston, M. R.;Zhang, Yongliang;Zou, Ying

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尽管极光电离层的午夜后至黎明部分包含有趣的动态现象,可能会对磁层-电离层-热层系统产生重大影响,但它的研究比黄昏至午夜前部分要少得多。我们讨论极光椭圆区午夜后到黎明区域的动态现象,主要在区域 1 洋流(其极冠赤道部分)的范围内向东快速流动。这些水流在区域 1 和区域 2 水流之间的界面附近达到峰值并具有陡峭的速度梯度(从低纬度到高纬度增加)。由于此类流对应的电场很可能来自增强的区域 2 电流和相关的空间电导率梯度,因此它们的生成机制类似于极光偏振流的生成机制。因此,我们将这种向东的气流称为黎明侧极光偏振流(DAPS)。我们展示了不同地磁活动水平下 DAPS 存在和不存在的几个例子。 DAPS 的电场可以加热电离层(从而加热热层),改变磁层-电离层系统的对流模式,并改变磁层粒子的漂移路径。由于 DAPS 的流量峰值映射到磁层中磁动能转换的主要位置(偶极子和拉伸场之间的过渡区域),因此它对于转换可能很重要。 DAPS 的陡峭流量梯度也具有潜在的重要意义;它可能会导致不稳定,例如极光欧米茄带的不稳定。鉴于其潜在的重要性,DAPS 的知识对于理解磁层-电离层-热层系统至关重要。
Although the postmidnight‐to‐dawn sector of the auroral ionosphere contains interesting dynamic phenomena that may significantly impact the magnetosphere‐ionosphere‐thermosphere system, it has been much less studied than the dusk‐to‐premidnight sector. We discuss a dynamic phenomenon in the postmidnight‐to‐dawn sector of the auroral oval, eastward fast flows mainly within the expanse of the Region 1 current (its part equatorward of the polar cap). These flows peak and have a steep speed gradient (increase from low to high latitude) near the interface between the Region 1 and Region 2 currents. Because such flows correspond to an electric field that most likely comes from enhanced Region 2 currents and an associated spatial conductivity gradient, their generation mechanism is analogous to that of a subauroral polarization stream. Therefore, we refer to such an eastward flow as a dawnside auroral polarization stream (DAPS). We show several examples of the presence and absence of DAPS under different geomagnetic activity levels. A DAPS' electric field can heat the ionosphere (and thus the thermosphere), change the convection pattern of the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system, and modify the drift path of magnetospheric particles. Because a DAPS' flow peak maps to a major site of magnetic‐kinetic energy conversion in the magnetosphere (the transition region between dipole and stretched field), it may be important for the conversion. A DAPS' steep flow gradient is also potentially important; it may lead to instabilities, such as that responsible for auroral Omega bands. Given its potential importance, knowledge of DAPS is fundamental for understanding the magnetosphere‐ionosphere‐thermosphere system.
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