Attenuation of IgE Affinity for FcεRI Radically Reduces the Allergic Response in Vitro and in Vivo
Attenuation of IgE Affinity for FcεRI Radically Reduces the Allergic Response in Vitro and in Vivo
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DOI:
10.1074/jbc.m804742200
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发表时间:
2008-10-31
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Beavil, Andrew J.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hunt, James;Bracher, Marguerite G.;Beavil, Andrew J.
The high affinity of IgE for its receptor, Fc epsilon RI (K-a similar to 10(10)M(-1)), is responsible for the persistence of mast cell sensitization. Crosslinking of Fc epsilon RI-bound IgE by multivalent allergen leads to cellular activation and release of pro-inflammatory mediators responsible for the symptoms of allergic disease. We previously demonstrated that limiting the IgE-Fc epsilon RI interaction to just one of the two C epsilon 3 domains in IgE-Fc, which together constitute the high affinity binding site, results in 1000-fold reduced affinity. Such attenuation, effected by a small molecule binding to part of the IgE: Fc epsilon RI interface or a distant allosteric site, rather than complete blocking of the interaction, may represent a viable approach to the treatment of allergic disease. However, the degree to which the interaction would need to be disrupted is unclear, because the importance of high affinity for immediate hypersensitivity has never been investigated. We have incorporated into human IgE a mutation, R334S, previously characterized in IgE-Fc, which reduces its affinity for Fc epsilon RI similar to 50- fold. We have compared the ability of wild type and R334S IgE to stimulate allergen-induced mast cell activation in vitro and in vivo. We confirmed the expected difference in affinity between wild type and mutant IgE for Fc epsilon RI (similar to 50-fold) and found that, in vitro, mast cell degranulation was reduced proportionately. The effect in vivo was also marked, with a 75% reduction in the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis response. We have therefore demonstrated that the high affinity of IgE for Fc epsilon RI is critical to the allergic response, and that even moderate attenuation of this affinity has a substantial effect in vivo.