Fine Particle Emission Potential from Loam Soils in a Semiarid Region
Fine Particle Emission Potential from Loam Soils in a Semiarid Region
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DOI：
10.2136/sssaj2011.0087
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发表时间：
2011-11
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
G. Feng;B. Sharratt;L. Wendling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Feng;B. Sharratt;L. Wendling
美国环境保护署（EPA）将空气动力学直径≤10 μm （PM10）和≤2.5 μm （PM2.5）的颗粒排放列为空气污染物，因此，美国内陆太平洋西北地区农业土壤的粉尘排放受到关注。本研究的目的是表征该地区土壤PM10和PM2.5的排放潜力。剖面上部3厘米的土壤是从华盛顿州东南部的5种主要土壤类型中收集的。从田间采集的土壤样本被放置在一个风洞中，同时测量三种风速下PM10和PM2.5的排放。分散土壤分析表明，5种土壤类型的沙粒和粉粒含量分别在17 ~ 68%和23 ~ 66%之间，非分散土壤分析显示，5种土壤类型的PM10和PM2.5含量平均分别为3.7和1.2%。沃顿沙质壤土（粗粉质、混合、超活性、均一型单ploxerols）的PM10和PM2.5排放量最大，而瓦勒瓦勒粉质壤土（粗粉质、混合、超活性、均一型单ploxerols）的PM10和PM2.5排放量最低。在最高风速（18 m s -1）下的5 min风洞试验中，5种土壤的输沙量、PM10和PM2.5分别为113 ~ 8039 g m -2、0.4 ~ 11.0 g m -2和0.1 ~ 6.0 g m -2。虽然PM10/输沙比在不同土壤间存在差异，但PM2.5/输沙比在不同土壤间无差异。我们的研究结果表明，在内陆太平洋西北部发现的风吹土壤的排放潜力各不相同。
Fugitive dust emission from agricultural soils is a concern in the U.S. Inland Pacifi c Northwest because emission of particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) and ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) are regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as air pollutants. Th e objective of this study was to characterize the PM10 and PM2.5 emission potential of soils in the region. Soil from the upper 3-cm layer of the profi le was collected from fi ve major soil types in southeastern Washington. Soil samples collected from the fi eld were placed inside a wind tunnel to simultaneously measure PM10 and PM2.5 emissions at three wind speeds. Dispersed soil analysis indicated that the sand and silt content, respectively, ranged from 17 to 68% and 23 to 66% while nondispersed soil analysis revealed the PM10 and PM2.5 content averaged 3.7 and 1.2%, respectively, across the fi ve soil types. Emissions of PM10 and PM2.5 were greatest for Warden sandy loam (coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Xeric Haplocambids) and lowest for Walla Walla silt loam (coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Haploxerolls). During the 5 min wind tunnel test at the highest wind speed (18 m s –1 ), loss of sediment, PM10 and PM2.5 for the fi ve soils ranged from 113 to 8039 g m–2 , 0.4 to 11.0 g m –2 , and 0.1 to 6.0 g m –2 , respectively. Although the PM10/ sediment loss ratio diff ered among soils, there was no diff erence in the PM2.5/sediment loss ratio across soils. Our results suggest that the emission potential varies for windblown soils found across the Inland Pacifi c Northwest.