The novel extremely acidophilic, cell-wall-deficient archaeon Cuniculiplasma divulgatum gen. nov., sp nov represents a new family, Cuniculiplasmataceae fam. nov., of the order Thermoplasmatales
The novel extremely acidophilic, cell-wall-deficient archaeon Cuniculiplasma divulgatum gen. nov., sp nov represents a new family, Cuniculiplasmataceae fam. nov., of the order Thermoplasmatales
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DOI：
10.1099/ijsem.0.000725
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Golyshin, Peter N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Golyshina, Olga V.;Luensdorf, Heinrich;Golyshin, Peter N.
两个新的细胞壁，嗜酸性，嗜温，有机营养和厌氧的古菌菌株分离的酸性流光形成的表面上的铜矿石硫化物矿床在西班牙西南部和英国北威尔士。菌株的细胞大小从0.1 μ m到2 μ m不等，并且是多形性的，具有形成丝状结构的倾向。两种菌株生长的最适pH和温度为1.0-1.2和37-40 ℃，最适生长底物为牛肉提取物（3克/升）（菌株S5（T））和牛肉提取物与胰蛋白胨（分别为3和1克/升）（菌株PM 4）。脂质组合物主要由完整的极性脂质组成的甘油二植烷基甘油四醚（GDGT）的核心连接到主要的糖苷极性头基。此外，存在游离GDGT和相对少量的完整和核心二醚脂质。菌株S5（T）和PM 4主要含有甲基萘醌类化合物，并含有少量热原体醌类化合物。菌株S5（T）的DNA G+C含量为37.3mol%，菌株PM 4的DNA G+C含量为37.16mol%。16 S rRNA基因序列的相似性矩阵（两种菌株相同）显示其隶属于热浆菌目，与有效公布名称的成员序列具有73.9- 86.3%的同一性。计算机模拟测定的菌株基因组之间的平均核苷酸同一性为98.75%，结合基于16 S rRNA基因的系统发育分析，表明菌株属于同一种。一新科，Cuniculiplasmataceae fam.十一月，根据分离株S5（T）和PM 4（=JCM 30641=VKM B-2940）的系统发育、化学分类学和生理特性，将其划分为Cuniculiplasma gen. nov.和Cuniculiplasma divulgatum sp. nov.该虫的模式株为S5（T）。（=JCM 30642（T）=VKM B-2941（T））。
Two novel cell-wall-less, acidophilic, mesophilic, organotrophic and facultatively anaerobic archaeal strains were isolated from acidic streamers formed on the surfaces of copper-ore containing sulfidic deposits in south-west Spain and North Wales, UK. Cells of the strains varied from 0.1 to 2 mu m in size and were pleomorphic, with a tendency to form filamentous structures. The optimal pH and temperature for growth for both strains were 1.0-1.2 and 37-40 degrees C, with the optimal substrates for growth being beef extract (3 g l(-1)) for strain S5(T) and beef extract with tryptone (3 and 1 g l(-1) respectively) for strain PM4. The lipid composition was dominated by intact polar lipids consisting of a glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) core attached to predominantly glycosidic polar headgroups. In addition, free GDGT and small relative amounts of intact and core diether lipids were present. Strains S5(T) and PM4 possessed mainly menaquinones with minor fractions of thermoplasmaquinones. The DNA G+C content was 37.3 mol% in strain S5(T) and 37.16 mol% for strain PM4. A similarity matrix of 16S rRNA gene sequences (identical for both strains) showed their affiliation to the order Thermoplasmatales, with 73.9-86.3 % identity with sequences from members of the order with validly published names. The average nucleotide identity between genomes of the strains determined in silico was 98.75 %, suggesting, together with the 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis, that the strains belong to the same species. A novel family, Cuniculiplasmataceae fam. nov., genus Cuniculiplasma gen. nov. and species Cuniculiplasma divulgatum sp. nov. are proposed based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic analyses and physiological properties of the two isolates, S5(T) and PM4 (=JCM 30641=VKM B-2940). The type strain of Cuniculiplasma divulgatum is S5(T). (=JCM 30642(T)=VKM B-2941(T)).