In vivo and in vitro anaerobic mating in Candida albicans
In vivo and in vitro anaerobic mating in Candida albicans
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DOI：
10.1128/ec.00316-06
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nickerson, Kenneth W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dumitru, Raluca;Navarathna, Dhammika H. M. L. P.;Nickerson, Kenneth W.
相反交配类型的白色念珠菌细胞被认为在哺乳动物宿主感染期间结合，但矛盾的是，交配能力的不透明状态在哺乳动物体温下并不稳定。我们发现厌氧条件在37℃下稳定了不透明状态，阻碍了法尼醇的生产，并允许在37℃下体外交配，效率高达84%。在有氧作用下，法尼醇阻止了交配，因为它杀死了交配所必需的不透明细胞，因此，法尼醇的产生在不透明细胞中被关闭。这些体外观察表明，自然厌氧部位，如有效定植的胃肠道，可以作为白色念珠菌交配的生态位。在小鼠胃肠道的直接交配试验中，从营养不良的亲本细胞中获得了原生营养细胞，证实了交配将发生在该器官中。这些细胞是真正的交配产物，因为它们是四倍体、单核和原生营养的，并且它们含有来自亲本菌株的异源hisG标记。
Candida albicans cells of opposite mating types are thought to conjugate during infection in mammalian hosts, but paradoxically, the mating-competent opaque state is not stable at mammalian body temperatures. We found that anaerobic conditions stabilize the opaque state at 37 degrees C, block production of farnesol, and permit in vitro mating at 37 degrees C at efficiencies of up to 84%. Aerobically, farnesol prevents mating because it kills the opaque cells necessary for mating, and as a corollary, farnesol production is turned off in opaque cells. These in vitro observations suggest that naturally anaerobic sites, such as the efficiently colonized gastrointestinal (GI) tract, could serve as niches for C. albicans mating. In a direct test of mating in the mouse GI tract, prototrophic cells were obtained from auxotrophic parent cells, confirming that mating will occur in this organ. These cells were true mating products because they were tetraploid, mononuclear, and prototrophic, and they contained the heterologous hisG marker from one of the parental strains.