Human biokinetic data and a new compartmental model of zirconium - A tracer study with enriched stable isotopes
Human biokinetic data and a new compartmental model of zirconium - A tracer study with enriched stable isotopes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.06.031
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Oeh, Uwe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Greiter, Matthias B.;Giussani, Augusto;Oeh, Uwe
描述微量元素的吸收、分布和排泄的生物动力学模型是营养学、毒理学或放射性核素内剂量学的重要工具。锆，特别是其放射性同位素Zr-95，由于其在核燃料包壳材料的铀裂变和中子活化中的产生而与辐射防护相关。我们提出了一套全面的人类数据，从一个稳定的同位素锆示踪研究。这些数据被用来完善锆的生物动力学模型。六名女性和七名男性健康成年志愿者参加了这项研究。它包括16个完整的双示踪剂调查与口服和静脉注射，和7个补充调查。示踪剂浓度测定血浆和尿液中收集到100毫升后示踪剂管理。四个数据集（血浆和尿液中的两种化学示踪剂形式）每个包含105-240个高于检测限的测量浓度值。发现摄入的锆的总吸收分数对于柠檬酸盐缓冲饮用溶液中的锆为0.001，对于草酸锆溶液为0.007。基于线性第一-第二动力学模型，国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）使用的有序动力学房室模型方法。锆的优化全身模型与当前ICRP模型的主要区别在于：（1）通过观察到的示踪剂从血浆中清除而必须再循环到转移室中，（2）与每种形式的摄入示踪剂的吸收分数相关的不同参数，以及（3）基于生理学的尿液排泄途径。到目前为止，这些数据主要来自动物研究。拟议的系统模型改进了现有的ICRP模型，但基于相同的原则，并适合ICRP辐射防护方法。(C)2011 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Biokinetic models describing the uptake, distribution and excretion of trace elements are an essential tool in nutrition, toxicology, or internal dosimetry of radionuclides. Zirconium, especially its radioisotope Zr-95, is relevant to radiation protection due to its production in uranium fission and neutron activation of nuclear fuel cladding material. We present a comprehensive set of human data from a tracer study with stable isotopes of zirconium. The data are used to refine a biokinetic model of zirconium.Six female and seven male healthy adult volunteers participated in the study. It includes 16 complete double tracer investigations with oral ingestion and intravenous injection, and seven supplemental investigations. Tracer concentrations were measured in blood plasma and urine collected up to 100 cl after tracer administration. The four data sets (two chemical tracer forms in plasma and urine) each encompass 105-240 measured concentration values above detection limits.Total fractional absorption of ingested zirconium was found to be 0.001 for zirconium in citrate-buffered drinking solution and 0.007 for zirconium oxalate solution.Biokinetic models were developed based on the linear first-order kinetic compartmental model approach used by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The main differences of the optimized systemic model of zirconium to the current ICRP model are (1) recycling into the transfer compartment made necessary by the observed tracer clearance from plasma, (2) different parameters related to fractional absorption for each form of the ingested tracer, and (3) a physiologically based excretion pathway to urine.The study considerably expands the knowledge on the biokinetics of zirconium, which was until now dominated by data from animal studies. The proposed systemic model improves the existing ICRP model, yet is based on the same principles and fits well into the ICRP radiation protection approach. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.