Transcription Factors and Transcriptional Regulation
Transcription Factors and Transcriptional Regulation
复制标题
转录因子和转录调控
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Krause
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. McGhee;M. Krause
I.引言秀丽隐杆线虫生物学的特定方面-胚胎发育，性别决定，肌肉和神经生物学，等等-被认为是在本卷的其他章节。这一章的重点是一个共同的主题，许多这些章节，即转录因子和RNA聚合酶II转录的基因的调节。最近的人类基因序列纲要（亚当斯等人，1995）表明，所有基因中的7-8%编码转录因子。如果同样的基因分布适用于C. elegans基因组，其次是C. elegans必须有1000个这样的因子。C. elegans序列数据库包含许多已知在其他生物体中控制转录的蛋白质类别的例子，基因组测序计划将很快提供一个完整的清单。接下来的任务是确定所有这些因素调节的基因。本章的第一部分概述了C.优雅第二部分描述了已知的C.优雅最后一节总结了已经开始解开特定基因的转录控制，通过分析他们的启动子的研究。二.虽然C. elegans转录是不寻常的（例如，反式剪接和操纵子中基因的排列），基本的转录机制可能在结构和功能上与其他真核生物中发现的高度相似。例如，来自C.优雅的行为很像...
I. INTRODUCTION Particular aspects of Caenorhabditis elegans biology — embryonic development, sex determination, muscle and nerve biology, and so on — are considered in other chapters in this volume. This chapter focuses on a theme common to many of these chapters, namely, transcription factors and the regulation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. A recent compendium of human gene sequences (Adams et al. 1995) suggests that 7–8% of all genes code for transcription factors. If the same gene distribution applies to the approximately 13,000 genes in the C. elegans genome, then C. elegans must have 1000 such factors. C. elegans sequence databases contain many examples of classes of proteins that are known to control transcription in other organisms, and the genome sequencing project will soon provide a complete inventory. The task will then be to identify the genes that all of these factors regulate. The first section of the present chapter summarizes information on the basal transcription machinery in C. elegans. The second section describes the most important properties of known transcription factors in C. elegans. The final section summarizes studies that have begun to unravel the transcriptional control of particular genes by analyzing their promoters. II. THE BASAL TRANSCRIPTION MACHINERY Although several features of C. elegans transcription are unusual (e.g., trans -splicing and the arrangement of genes in operons), the basic transcriptional machinery is likely to be highly similar, both structurally and functionally, to that found in other eukaryotes. For example, RNA polymerase II from C. elegans behaves much like...