Fair-weather atmospheric electric field measurements at Gulmarg, India
Fair-weather atmospheric electric field measurements at Gulmarg, India
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印度古尔马尔格的晴天大气电场测量
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Singh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Afreen;Jeni N. Victor;Salik Nazir;D. Siingh;Gowher Bashir;Nissar Ahmad;Sheikh Javid Ahmad;P. R;Singh
本研究报告了克什米尔Gulmarg站（34°05′n, 74°42′e） 2019年6月- 2020年5月1年的大气电场观测。观测点位于雷暴活动频繁和氡浓度非常高的地区。用夏季/干地表条件下的电极效应和冬季/湿地表条件下与日出有关的蒸发效应来解释PG的日变化特征。后一种效应是低温条件下下午（1300lt） PG日峰值和水汽压日峰值的主要原因。同样，在表面湍流交换下，电极层发现的过量正电荷将日峰值移至更早的时间~ 1000-1100 LT。因此，年平均曲线是这两种作用在不同季节的结果。此外，势梯度的年日变化与其他一些大陆站在冬季有两个极大值和较高的PG值一致。次级日极大值（2000 LT）很可能是由于非洲雷暴活动在我们的测点被强烈反射。将我们的结果与卡内基的结果进行比较，发现两者之间的相关性较弱，这是由于观测地点的性质不同，而与同一观测站的B N Raina（1970年8月至1973年10月）的观测结果进行比较，发现PG变化的性质类似。最后给出了PG与气象参数和氡浓度的简单相关图。结果表明，氡浓度和温度、相对湿度等气象参数以及水汽压是影响站点地表PG测量的重要局地因素。
In the present study, the atmospheric electric field observations are reported at Gulmarg station, Kashmir (34°05′N; 74°42′E) for a period of 1 year: June 2019–May 2020. The observation site is situated in an area with high thunderstorm activity and very high radon concentration. Diurnal characteristics of PG are explained with electrode effect under summer/dry surface conditions and evaporation effect under winter/wet surface conditions associated with sunrise. The latter effect is highly responsible for the diurnal peak of PG observed in afternoon (1300 LT) hours along with the water vapour pressure under low temperature. Similarly, excess positive charges found at the electrode layer shift the diurnal peak to an earlier time ~1000–1100 LT under turbulent exchange from the surface. Therefore, the annual mean curve is the resultant of these two effects that act in different seasons. In addition, the annual diurnal variation of the potential gradient is in agreement with some other continental stations having two maxima and higher values of PG during the winter months. The secondary diurnal maximum (2000 LT) is likely due to African thunderstorm activity being reflected strongly at our measurement site. Comparison of our results with Carnegie leads to a weak correlation between the two, which is due to the difference in the nature of observation sites, while a comparison with the observations of B N Raina (August 1970–October 1973) at the same observatory reveals a similar nature of PG variation. Finally, simple correlation plots of PG with meteorological parameters and radon concentration have been shown. The results indicate that radon concentration and meteorological parameters like temperature, relative humidity in addition to water vapour pressure are important local factors influencing the surface PG measurements at our site.