Diversity and Structure of Soil Fungal Communities across Experimental Everglades Tree Islands
Diversity and Structure of Soil Fungal Communities across Experimental Everglades Tree Islands
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DOI：
10.3390/d12090324
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发表时间：
2020-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Brianna K. Almeida;M. Ross;Susana L. Stoffella;J. Sah;E. Cline;F. Sklar;Michelle E. Afkhami
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文献类型：
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作者：
Brianna K. Almeida;M. Ross;Susana L. Stoffella;J. Sah;E. Cline;F. Sklar;Michelle E. Afkhami
真菌在生态系统服务中发挥着重要作用（例如，养分循环，分解），因此越来越多地获得恢复生态学的关注。然而，目前还不清楚大多数管理决策如何影响真菌群落，使得难以保护真菌多样性和利用真菌来提高恢复成功率。为了了解恢复决策和环境变化对真菌群落的影响，我们在恢复后约15年对8个实验性大沼泽地树岛的96个地点的土壤真菌微生物组进行了测序。我们发现，早期恢复的决定可能会对真菌群落产生持久的影响。2003-2007年实验操纵的因素（例如，岛芯类型）对真菌群落组成有显著的遗传效应。我们的研究结果还强调了水分状况在真菌多样性，组成和功能中的作用。随着相对水位的下降，真菌多样性也下降了，在最干燥的地方下降了大约25%。此外，随着水位下降，丰富的植物病原菌腐养菌的公会增加，这表明低水分可能会增加植物病原菌的相互作用。我们的研究结果表明，早期恢复的决定可能会对真菌群落的组成和功能产生长期的影响，并表明在大沼泽地干燥的未来可能会减少真菌多样性的濒危树岛。
Fungi play prominent roles in ecosystem services (e.g., nutrient cycling, decomposition) and thus have increasingly garnered attention in restoration ecology. However, it is unclear how most management decisions impact fungal communities, making it difficult to protect fungal diversity and utilize fungi to improve restoration success. To understand the effects of restoration decisions and environmental variation on fungal communities, we sequenced soil fungal microbiomes from 96 sites across eight experimental Everglades tree islands approximately 15 years after restoration occurred. We found that early restoration decisions can have enduring consequences for fungal communities. Factors experimentally manipulated in 2003–2007 (e.g., type of island core) had significant legacy effects on fungal community composition. Our results also emphasized the role of water regime in fungal diversity, composition, and function. As the relative water level decreased, so did fungal diversity, with an approximately 25% decline in the driest sites. Further, as the water level decreased, the abundance of the plant pathogen–saprotroph guild increased, suggesting that low water may increase plant-pathogen interactions. Our results indicate that early restoration decisions can have long-term consequences for fungal community composition and function and suggest that a drier future in the Everglades could reduce fungal diversity on imperiled tree islands.