Biodiversity scales from plots to biomes with a universal species-area curve
Biodiversity scales from plots to biomes with a universal species-area curve
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01328.x
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Storch, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harte, John;Smith, Adam B.;Storch, David
经典理论预测物种丰富度尺度为面积的四分之一幂，然而物种-面积关系（SAR）根据栖息地、类群和尺度范围而变化很大。由于幂律SAR用于预测栖息地丧失下的物种损失，并将物种丰富度从样地扩展到生物群落，因此需要深入了解各种各样的观测SAR和幂律行为应观察的条件。在这里，我们从最大熵原理，一个新的程序，用于升级物种丰富度数据从小普查地块到更大的地区，并测试经验，使用多个数据集，预测，最多的整体规模位移，嵌套SAR谎言沿着一个通用的曲线，每个物种的平均丰度在每个尺度确定的局部斜率的曲线。幂律行为仅在平均丰度增加的极限下出现，并且在该极限下，斜率接近于零，而不是1/4。仅使用样地尺度（1/4公顷）的普查数据外推西高止山脉的树种丰富度到生物群落尺度（60 000 km（2）），以说明我们的理论的应用潜力。
Classic theory predicts species richness scales as the quarter-power of area, yet species-area relationships (SAR) vary widely depending on habitat, taxa, and scale range. Because power-law SAR are used to predict species loss under habitat loss, and to scale species richness from plots to biomes, insight into the wide variety of observed SAR and the conditions under which power-law behavior should be observed is needed. Here we derive from the maximum entropy principle, a new procedure for upscaling species richness data from small census plots to larger areas, and test empirically, using multiple data sets, the prediction that up to an overall scale displacement, nested SAR lie along a universal curve, with average abundance per species at each scale determining the local slope of the curve. Power-law behaviour only arises in the limit of increasing average abundance, and in that limit, the slope approaches zero, not 1/4. An extrapolation of tree species richness in the Western Ghats to biome scale (60 000 km(2)) using only census data at plot scale (1/4 ha) is presented to illustrate the potential for applications of our theory.