The good, the strong, and the accurate: Preschoolers' evaluations of informant attributes
The good, the strong, and the accurate: Preschoolers' evaluations of informant attributes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2011.06.008
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Harris, Paul L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fusaro, Maria;Corriveau, Kathleen H.;Harris, Paul L.
最近的许多证据表明，学龄前儿童对信息提供者的准确性很敏感。面对两个告密者，其中一个准确而另一个不准确地命名熟悉的物体，学龄前儿童随后倾向于从更准确的告密者那里学习不熟悉的物体的名称和功能。本研究考察了这种偏好背后的推理过程。我们询问学龄前儿童是对信息提供者进行狭隘的推断，还是更广泛的基于特征的推断，还是更全面的评估推断。我们进一步询问学龄前儿童根据体力这一不相关领域的差异对潜在的信息提供者做出了什么推断。结果表明，学龄前儿童在观察个体力量差异时倾向于全局评价性推断，但在观察准确性个体差异时，其推断范围相对较窄。学龄前儿童对他人作为专业语言使用者的迅速理解，可能是他们选择性地认可更准确的信息的基础。(C) 2011爱思唯尔公司版权所有。
Much recent evidence shows that preschoolers are sensitive to the accuracy of an informant. Faced with two informants, one of whom names familiar objects accurately and the other inaccurately, preschoolers subsequently prefer to learn the names and functions of unfamiliar objects from the more accurate informant. This study examined the inference process underlying this preference. We asked whether preschoolers make narrow inferences about informants, broader trait-based inferences, or more global evaluative inferences. We further asked what inferences preschoolers make about a potential informant based on distinctions in the unrelated domain of physical strength. The results indicate that preschoolers make relatively narrow inferences when observing individual differences in accuracy even though they are prone to global evaluative inferences when observing individual differences in strength. Preschoolers' burgeoning understanding of others as expert language users may underlie their selective endorsement of a more accurate informant. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.