Chapter 5. Nuclear actin-related proteins in epigenetic control.
Chapter 5. Nuclear actin-related proteins in epigenetic control.
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DOI：
10.1016/s1937-6448(09)77005-4
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Roy, Eileen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meagher, Richard B.;Kandasamy, Muthugapatti K.;McKinney, Elizabeth C.;Roy, Eileen
关键词：
核肌动蛋白相关蛋白(ARP)与常规肌动蛋白具有整体结构和低水平序列同源性。它们是大分子机器不可或缺的亚单位，控制着染色质的重塑和修饰，导致DNA结构、转录和DNA修复的动态变化。细胞学、遗传学和生物化学研究表明，在所有真核生物中，核ARP对细胞周期和细胞增殖的表观遗传控制是必不可少的，而在动植物中，它们也在多细胞发育的大多数阶段实施表观遗传控制，包括器官启动、向生殖发育的转变、衰老和细胞程序性死亡。从植物和动物中出现的一个主题是，除了它们在控制DNA的一般紧凑和基因沉默方面的作用外，含有ARP的核染色质复合体的异构体已经进化成对基因表达和多细胞发育的不同阶段施加动态表观遗传控制。在这里，我们通过研究核ARP的系统发育，含ARP的染色质重塑复合体导致表观遗传控制的活动，扩大分配给几个含有ARP的复合体的发育角色，数千个ARP复合体亚型可能与多细胞发育相一致的证据，以及ARP在人类疾病中的作用来探索这一主题。
The nuclear actin-related proteins (ARPs) share overall structure and low-level sequence homology with conventional actin. They are indispensable subunits of macromolecular machines that control chromatin remodeling and modification leading to dynamic changes in DNA structure, transcription, and DNA repair. Cellular, genetic, and biochemical studies suggest that the nuclear ARPs are essential to the epigenetic control of the cell cycle and cell proliferation in all eukaryotes, while in plants and animals they also exert epigenetic controls over most stages of multicellular development including organ initiation, the switch to reproductive development, and senescence and programmed cell death. A theme emerging from plants and animals is that in addition to their role in controlling the general compaction of DNA and gene silencing, isoforms of nuclear ARP-containing chromatin complexes have evolved to exert dynamic epigenetic control over gene expression and different phases of multicellular development. Herein, we explore this theme by examining nuclear ARP phylogeny, activities of ARP-containing chromatin remodeling complexes that lead to epigenetic control, expanding developmental roles assigned to several animal and plant ARP-containing complexes, the evidence that thousands of ARP complex isoforms may have evolved in concert with multicellular development, and ARPs in human disease.