CLASSIFYING JAPONICA RICE CULTIVARS WITH RAPD MARKERS
CLASSIFYING JAPONICA RICE CULTIVARS WITH RAPD MARKERS
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183x003500030043x
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发表时间：
1995-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
MACKILL, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MACKILL, DJ
水稻的两个主要亚种，籼稻和粳稻是广泛认可的。粳稻，包括温带和高地（热带）品种，一直没有那么好的特点，比籼稻的DNA标记。本研究采用随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）技术对134个粳稻品种和2个野生粳稻品种的遗传多样性进行了研究。nivara Sharma et Shastry和O. rufipogon Griffith）。10个寡核苷酸引物共扩增出30条条带，多态性明显。通过聚类分析，将籼、粳品种分为不同的类群。聚类是不太明显的粳稻组内。热带japonicas（包括美国长粒类型）通常聚集在一起，但没有发现热带和温带类型之间的牢固边界。典型判别分析表明，籼型类群与各粳型类群之间的距离基本相等，远大于两个粳型类群之间的距离。额外的引物导致更好的分辨率密切相关的品种。RAPD带型与亲缘系数相关系数r = 0.59，P < 0.001。总之，RAPD技术在粳稻品种分类中是有用的，但要区分近缘粳稻品种还需要大量的引物。在选定的温带（或美国短粒和中粒）和热带（或美国长粒）亲本之间杂交，可以获得最大的遗传多样性，用于基因定位或利用粳稻品种内的F-1杂种优势。
Two major subspecies of rice (Oryza sativa L.), indica and japonica, are widely recognized. Japonica rice, which includes temperate and upland (tropical) cultivars, has been less well characterized by DNA markers than indica rice. The present study was undertaken to quantify genetic diversity with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in a sample of 134 predominately japonica cultivars and two wild species (O. nivara Sharma et Shastry and O. rufipogon Griffith). Ten oligonucleotide primers produced 30 bands showing clear polymorphisms. The indica and japonica cultivars were classified into separate groups by cluster analysis. Clustering was less pronounced within the japonica group. Tropical japonicas (including U.S. long-grain types) usually clustered together but no firm boundary was found between the tropical and temperate types. Canonical discriminant analysis indicated that the distance between the indica group and each japonica subgroup was approximately equal and was much greater than the distance between the two japonica subgroups. Additional primers led to better resolution of closely related cultivars. Genetic distances estimated from RAPD banding patterns were correlated with those estimated by coefficients of parentage (r = 0.59, P < 0.001). In conclusion, RAPDs are useful for classification of japonica rice cultivars, but many primers will be needed to resolve closely related japonica cultivars. Maximum genetic diversity for gene mapping or exploiting F-1 hybrid vigor within japonica cultivars can be obtained in crosses between selected temperate (or U.S. short and medium grain) and tropical (or U.S. long grain) parents.