Comparing pre- and post-copulatory mate competition using social network analysis in wild crickets.
Comparing pre- and post-copulatory mate competition using social network analysis in wild crickets.
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arv236
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发表时间：
2016-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tregenza T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fisher DN;Rodríguez-Muñoz R;Tregenza T
在许多动物中，雄性在交配前后都会争夺受精。但是雄性只擅长一种竞争吗？雄性之间的打斗是否会减少它们在雌性体内射精的竞争？我们通过构建相互作用的网络来研究野生蟋蟀之间的竞争。我们发现，有更多争斗的雄性更有可能在精子竞争中相遇，这表明进化不会偏袒两种竞争中的一种。推特：性选择是由交配过程中多个阶段的成功差异引起的，包括交配前后的竞争。这些竞争形式之间的关系，例如它们是相互权衡还是相互加强，影响了性选择在进化中的作用。然而，这两种竞争形式之间的关系在野外很少被量化。我们用摄像机观察雄性蟋蟀之间的竞争和它们在野外的交配。我们将交配前和交配后的竞争描述为两个相互竞争的个体网络。社会网络分析使我们能够确定1）交配前竞争对避免交配后竞争的有效性，2）不同交配策略的潜力，以及3）增加交配后竞争是否会减少雄性滥交的明显生殖益处。我们发现：1）交配前竞争对避免交配后竞争的有效性有限; 2）雄性不会专门参与一种类型的竞争; 3）滥交个体倾向于彼此交配，这将倾向于减少种群中生殖成功的差异，并突出了配偶守卫中固有的权衡。我们的研究结果提供了新的见解在野外的性竞争的作品。此外，我们的研究表明，即使在缺乏明显的社会结构的物种中，使用网络分析来研究竞争相互作用也是有用的。
In many animals, males compete for fertilizations both before and after mating. But do males specialize in 1 type of competition? And do physical fights between males lead to less competition between their ejaculates within females? We studied competitions between wild crickets by building networks of interactions. We found that males that had more fights were more likely to meet in sperm competition, suggesting that evolution will not favor specialists in one of the 2 types of competition. Twitter: @DFofFreedom Sexual selection results from variation in success at multiple stages in the mating process, including competition before and after mating. The relationship between these forms of competition, such as whether they trade-off or reinforce one another, influences the role of sexual selection in evolution. However, the relationship between these 2 forms of competition is rarely quantified in the wild. We used video cameras to observe competition among male field crickets and their matings in the wild. We characterized pre- and post-copulatory competition as 2 networks of competing individuals. Social network analysis then allowed us to determine 1) the effectiveness of precopulatory competition for avoiding postcopulatory competition, 2) the potential for divergent mating strategies, and 3) whether increased postcopulatory competition reduces the apparent reproductive benefits of male promiscuity. We found 1) limited effectiveness of precopulatory competition for avoiding postcopulatory competition; 2) males do not specifically engage in only 1 type of competition; and 3) promiscuous individuals tend to mate with each other, which will tend to reduce variance in reproductive success in the population and highlights the trade-off inherent in mate guarding. Our results provide novel insights into the works of sexual competition in the wild. Furthermore, our study demonstrates the utility of using network analyses to study competitive interactions, even in species lacking obvious social structure.