Thermal Noise in Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Detectors
Thermal Noise in Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Detectors
复制标题
激光干涉仪引力波探测器中的热噪声
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Flaminio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Flaminio
热噪声是当前和未来专用于引力波探测的激光干涉仪灵敏度的主要限制之一。根据涨落耗散定理，任何机械振荡器都会受到与其热力学温度直接相关的热源运动的影响。 Virgo 或 LIGO 等引力波探测器中使用的镜子及其悬架就是此类机械振荡器的例子。因此，它们的位置受到这种热振动的影响，并且引力波探测器的灵敏度在很宽的频率范围内受到热噪声的限制。在简要回顾了涨落耗散定理及其起源之后，本章描述了影响引力波探测器的热噪声的主要类型。本章的最后部分特别强调了由于反射镜光学涂层耗散而产生的热噪声。
Thermal noise is one of the major limitations to the sensitivity of present and future laser interferometers devoted to gravitational wave detection. According to the fluctuation-dissipation theorem any mechanical oscillator is affected by a motion of thermal origin directly related to its thermodynamic temperature. The mirrors and their suspensions that are used in gravitational wave detectors such as Virgo or LIGO are examples of such mechanical oscillators. As a consequence their position is affected by this thermal vibration and the sensitivity of the gravitational wave detector is thermal noise limited over a wide range of frequencies. After recalling briefly the fluctuation-dissipation theorem and its origins, this chapter describes the main types of thermal noise affecting gravitational wave detectors. In the last part of the chapter a special emphasis is given to the thermal noise due to dissipation in the mirrors optical coatings.