A Tuesday in the Life of a Flourisher: The Role of Positive Emotional Reactivity in Optimal Mental Health
A Tuesday in the Life of a Flourisher: The Role of Positive Emotional Reactivity in Optimal Mental Health
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DOI：
10.1037/a0024889
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Fredrickson, Barbara L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Catalino, Lahnna I.;Fredrickson, Barbara L.
最佳心理健康状态的繁荣与个人和社会的一系列好处有关，包括损失更少的工作日和最低的慢性身体疾病发生率。这篇论文的目的是调查日常活动是否以及如何促进繁荣。作者提出，兴旺发达的人之所以兴旺发达，是因为他们利用了积极情绪的扩展和构建理论中所描述的过程，特别是通过体验对愉快事件更积极的情绪反应，以及随着时间的推移积累更多的资源。为了验证这些假设，对208名成年人进行了预先筛选的社区样本的白天重建方法(DRM)，并在两到三个月后重新联系他们。研究结果显示，与那些情绪低落或情绪低落的人相比，情绪高涨的人在面对日常愉快的事件(帮助、互动、玩耍、学习、精神活动)时，通常会在积极情绪中表现出更大的“兴奋”。随着时间的推移，这种更积极的情绪反应预示着正念认知资源的两个方面会有更高的水平。反过来，这些较高的正念水平与研究结束时较高的繁荣水平正相关，控制了最初的繁荣水平。这些结果表明，幸福感的提升可能是由个体对愉快的日常事件的情感体验的微小而相应的差异推动的。此外，这些结果强调了扩展和构建理论在理解繁荣被促进的过程中的作用，并为积极增强的观点提供了支持。
Flourishing a state of optimal mental health has been linked to a host of benefits for the individual and society, including fewer workdays lost and the lowest incidence of chronic physical conditions. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether and how routine activities promote flourishing. The authors proposed that flourishers thrive because they capitalize on the processes featured in the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, specifically by experiencing greater positive emotional reactivity to pleasant events and building more resources over time. To test these hypotheses, the Day Reconstruction Method (DRM) was administered to a prescreened community sample of adults (n = 208), and they were recontacted two to three months later. Results showed that relative to those who did not flourish or were depressed, people who flourish generally responded with bigger "boosts" in positive emotions in response to everyday, pleasant events (helping, interacting, playing, learning, spiritual activity), and this greater positive emotional reactivity, over time, predicted higher levels of two facets of the cognitive resource of mindfulness. In turn, these higher levels of mindfulness were positively associated with higher levels of flourishing at the end of study, controlling for initial levels of flourishing. These results suggest that the promotion of well-being may be fueled by small, yet consequential differences in individuals' emotional experience of pleasant everyday events. Additionally, these results underscore the utility of the broaden-and-build theory in understanding the processes by which flourishing is promoted and provide support for a positive potentiation perspective.