Diversity of Culturable Chitinolytic Bacteria from Rhizospheres of Agronomic Plants in Japan
Diversity of Culturable Chitinolytic Bacteria from Rhizospheres of Agronomic Plants in Japan
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DOI：
10.1264/jsme2.me10149
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发表时间：
2011-03-05
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Tsuchiya, Kenichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Someya, Nobutaka;Ikeda, Seishi;Tsuchiya, Kenichi
从多种农作物根际获得了100株几丁质分解菌，并测定了这些菌株的16S rRNA基因序列。系统发育分析显示，81 个分离株属于 Betaproteobacteria（39 个分离株）和 Gammaproteobacteria（42 个分离株）。其余 19 个分离株中，16 个属于厚壁菌门。聚类分析在属水平上分别确定了 Gammaproteobacteria 和 Betaproteobacteria 的 6 个和 3 个操作分类单位 (OTU)。 Gammaproteobacteria 中的大多数几丁质分解细菌属于沙雷氏菌属、寡养单胞菌属和溶杆菌属（分别为 14、15 和 7 个分离株），而 Betaproteobacteria 中的大多数几丁质分解细菌属于 Mitsuaria 属（37 个分离株）。厚壁菌门中的 16 个分离株属于 2 个属：类芽孢杆菌属和芽孢杆菌属（各 8 个分离株）。其余 OTU 中的分离株属于欧文氏菌属、气单胞菌属、假单胞菌属、无色杆菌属、黄杆菌属和微杆菌属，但丰度较低。这些结果表明可培养的几丁质分解细菌在各种农作物的根际中广泛分布。考虑到几丁质分解酶通过真菌细胞壁降解表现出对植物病原真菌的潜在拮抗活性，上述根际天然几丁质分解细菌有可能用于土传植物病原真菌的生物防治。
A total of 100 isolates of chitinolytic bacteria were obtained from the rhizospheres of various agronomic plants, and the 16S rRNA gene sequences of these isolates were determined. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that 81 isolates belonged to the classes Betaproteobacteria (39 isolates) and Gammaproteobacteria (42 isolates). Of the remaining 19 isolates, 16 belonged to the phylum Firmicutes. Clustering analysis identified 6 and 3 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, respectively, at the genus level. The majority of chitinolytic bacteria in Gammaproteobacteria belonged to the genera Serratia, Stenotrophomonas, and Lysobacter (14, 15, and 7 isolates, respectively) while those in Betaproteobacteria belonged to the genus Mitsuaria (37 isolates). The 16 isolates placed in Firmicutes belonged to 2 genera, Paenibacillus and Bacillus (8 isolates each). The isolates in the remaining OTUs belonged to the genera Erwinia, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Flavobacterium, and Microbacterium, in less abundance. These results showed a wide distribution of culturable chitinolytic bacteria in the rhizospheres of various agronomic plants. Considering the potential antagonistic activity of chitinolytic enzymes against phytopathogenic fungi, which is exhibited by fungal cell wall degradation, the above-mentioned native chitinolytic bacteria in rhizospheres could potentially be utilized for the biological control of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi.