Toward an Intersectional Approach in Developmental Science: The Role of Race, Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Immigrant Status
Toward an Intersectional Approach in Developmental Science: The Role of Race, Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Immigrant Status
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DOI：
10.1016/bs.acdb.2015.12.001
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rogers, Leoandra Onnie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ghavami, Negin;Katsiaficas, Dalal;Rogers, Leoandra Onnie
发展理论和研究通常集中于单一的社会身份类别，例如种族或性取向，并研究该类别对生活结果的影响。然而，社会劣势的交叉模型（例如，Cole, 2009; Crenshaw, 1995; King, 1988）表明，社会类别结合起来塑造了个人在生活领域中的经历和生活结果。在本章中，我们回顾了实证研究，这些研究提供了对三个关键发展时期（即童年中期、青春期和成年初期）社会身份交叉性的见解。我们还考虑了跨越几个生活领域的交叉身份的后果，包括群体间关系以及政治和公民参与。认识到社会身份的工作主体是广泛的，我们将重点放在种族/民族、性别、性取向和移民身份上。在每个发展阶段，我们从有限的经验文献中讨论我们所知道的，并就我们需要前进的方向提出建议。我们的结论是，把研究的重点放在一个单一的类别上，而忽视了特定的发展领域，这提供了一个不完整和不准确的图景，这将阻碍制定符合文化和临床有效的预防和干预计划的努力，以满足生活在美国的不同儿童和青少年的需求。
Developmental theory and research have often focused on a single social identity category, for example, race or sexual orientation, and examined the consequences of that category on life outcomes. Yet intersectional models of social disadvantage (eg, Cole, 2009; Crenshaw, 1995; King, 1988) suggest that social categories combine to shape the experiences and life outcomes of individuals across life domains. In this chapter, we review empirical research that offers insight into the intersectionality of social identities across three critical developmental periods, namely, middle childhood, adolescence, and emerging adulthood. We also consider the consequences of intersecting identities across several life domains, including intergroup relations and political and civic engagement. Recognizing that the body of work on social identities is expansive, we focus our review on race/ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and immigrant status. In each developmental stage, we discuss what we know, drawing from the limited empirical literature, and offer suggestions on where we need to go moving forward. We conclude that research that focuses on as a single category and ignores the specific domain of development provides an incomplete and inaccurate picture that will hinder efforts to develop culturally appropriate and clinically effective prevention and intervention programs to meet the needs of our diverse children and youth living in the United States.