Changes in US medical students' specialty interests over the course of medical school
Changes in US medical students' specialty interests over the course of medical school
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DOI：
10.1007/s11606-008-0579-z
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Carrera, Jennifer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Compton, Michael T.;Frank, Erica;Carrera, Jennifer
背景技术背景：已有研究探讨了影响医学生专业选择的因素，但对这些专业兴趣的稳定性的研究很少。目的：描述医学生专业兴趣的变化模式，并检验专业变化模式与性别、对高声望职业的渴望和对预防的兴趣之间的关系。设计：医学生（2003级）在15所具有代表性的美国学校被邀请完成调查期间新生的方向，进入病房，并senior year.Participants：这项分析使用的数据来自942名学生谁完成了所有3个调查。除了一些其他项目，学生被要求选择1专业，他们最感兴趣的pursuing.RESULTS：最常见的专业选择在新生中的儿科（20%）和外科（18%），最不常见的选择是精神病学和预防医学（各1%）。8%的人最初选择的专业是普通内科。大多数学生改变了他们的专业选择，不管最初的兴趣。最初对初级保健感兴趣的人中只有30%在所有3个时间点都保持兴趣，而最初对非PC感兴趣的人中有68%。在所有3个时间点，女性学生比男性学生对PC更感兴趣。感兴趣的非PC专业的高年级学生更有可能渴望一个高声望的职业生涯（48%）比那些感兴趣的PC（31%）。此外，提高PC领域的声望可能会塑造医生队伍。
BACKGROUND: Studies have examined factors affecting medical students' specialty choice, but little research exists on stability of these specialty interests.OBJECTIVE:To describe patterns of change in specialty interests during medical school and examine associations between specialty change patterns and gender, desire for a high-prestige career, and interest in prevention.DESIGN:Medical students (Class of 2003) at 15 representative US schools were invited to complete surveys during freshman orientation, entry to wards, and senior year.PARTICIPANTS:This analysis used data from 942 students who completed all 3 surveys.MEASUREMENTS:In addition to a number of other items, students were asked to choose the 1 specialty they were most interested in pursuing.RESULTS:The most common specialty choices among freshman students were pediatrics (20%) and surgery (18%); least common choices were psychiatry and preventive medicine (1% each). General internal medicine was the initial specialty choice for 8%. Most students changed their specialty choices, regardless of initial interest. Only 30% of those initially interested in primary care (PC) remained interested at all 3 time points, compared to 68% of those initially interested in non-PC. Female versus male students were more commonly interested in PC at all 3 time points. Senior students interested in non-PC specialties were more likely to desire a high-prestige career (48%) than those interested in PC (31%).CONCLUSIONS:Medical students may benefit from more intensive introduction to some specialties earlier in pre-medical and medical education. In addition, increasing the prestige of PC fields may shape the physician workforce.