A New Isolate of Pediococcus pentosaceus (SL001) With Antibacterial Activity Against Fish Pathogens and Potency in Facilitating the Immunity and Growth Performance of Grass Carps
A New Isolate of Pediococcus pentosaceus (SL001) With Antibacterial Activity Against Fish Pathogens and Potency in Facilitating the Immunity and Growth Performance of Grass Carps
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戊糖片球菌新分离株 (SL001) 对鱼类病原体具有抗菌活性，并能促进草鱼的免疫和生长性能
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.01384
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发表时间：
2019-06-27
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Xia, Liqiu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gong, Liang;He, Haocheng;Xia, Liqiu
益生菌饲养仍然是控制水产养殖中细菌性病原体的一种有前途的策略。从1000余份土壤样品中分离到一株对鱼类病原菌具有广谱抗菌活性的戊糖片球菌（SL 001），该菌包括嗜水气单胞菌、维氏气单胞菌、温和气单胞菌、迟缓爱德华氏菌、格氏乳球菌和类志贺邻单胞菌。对A.结果表明，添加SL 001组的成活率显著高于对照组（P < 0.05）。SL 001能在草鱼肠道内稳定定殖，并能显著增加草鱼肠道分泌粘液的杯状细胞数量，延长草鱼肠道绒毛（P < 0.05）。添加SL 001饲料能显著提高草鱼的生长速度（P < 0.05），并显著影响草鱼肠道菌群结构，降低潜在病原菌，增加潜在益生菌。此外，SL 001还能上调草鱼胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-1和IGF-2）的表达，下调肌肉生长抑制素（MSTs-1和MSTs-2）的表达（P < 0.05），这可能也是SL 001能提高草鱼生长速度的原因。同时，分析了草鱼在添加SL 001饲料30 d后肝脏、脾脏和头肾中免疫相关基因的相对mRNA表达水平。免疫球蛋白M（IgM）和补体C3（C3）的表达水平均显著升高（P < 0.05），而白细胞介素8（IL-8）的表达水平显著降低（P < 0.05）。此外，全基因组测序揭示了SL 001的几种益生菌特性，包括有机酸合成，细菌素合成（凝固蛋白），超氧化物歧化酶和消化酶。结果表明，戊糖原杆菌SL 001具有增强草鱼免疫力和促进草鱼生长的作用，是一种具有良好应用前景的饲料益生菌。
Probiotic-feeding continues to be a promising strategy to control the bacterial pathogens in aquaculture. A new Pediococcus pentosaceus strain (SL001) was isolated from 1000s of soil samples, which exhibited wide antimicrobial spectrum of against fish pathogens, involving Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas sobria, Edwardsiella tarda, Lactococcus garvieae, and Plesiomonas shigelloide. The challenge test against A. hydrophila showed that the survival rate of SL001-supplemented group was significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, SL001 could stably colonize in gut of grass carp and increased mucus-secreting goblet cells and extended intestinal villi could be observed in SL001-supplemented group (P < 0.05). Feeding with SL001 supplemented diet could significantly enhance the growth rate (P < 0.05) and markedly affect gut microbiota structure of grass carps, resulting in reduced potential pathogens and increased potential probiotics. Furthermore, feeding grass carps with SL001 caused the up-regulated expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1 and IGF-2) and down-regulated expression of myostatin (MSTN-1 and MSTN-2) (P < 0.05), which probably also account for the increased growth rate of SL001-fed group. Meanwhile, relative mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes in liver, spleen, and head kidney were analyzed in grass carps after feeding for 30 days with SL001 supplemented diets. In all three immune organs, the expression levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and complement 3 (C3) were significantly increased (P < 0.05), whereas the interleukin-8 (IL-8) was down-regulated (P < 0.05). Besides, whole genome sequencing revealed several probiotics properties of SL001, including organic acid synthesis, bacteriocin synthesis (coagulin), superoxide dismutase, and digestive enzymes. In conclusion, P. pentosaceus SL001 which could enhance immunity and promoter growth rate of grass carps, is prospective to be used as a dietary probiotic in freshwater fish aquaculture.