The evolving field of biodefence: therapeutic developments and diagnostics.
The evolving field of biodefence: therapeutic developments and diagnostics.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/nrd1694
复制
发表时间：
2005-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bavari S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burnett JC;Henchal EA;Schmaljohn AL;Bavari S
生物武器对军人和平民都是明显的威胁。在这里，最新的进展，在追求抑制剂对生物威胁的威胁毒素，目前的治疗策略，用于治疗生物防御相关的病原体，并提高检测和暴露生存能力的战略。从药物发现的努力中出现了许多领先的治疗方法。然而，其中许多是有毒的和/或不具有常规的药物样性质。小分子（非肽类）的一个明显优势是，它们拥有的支架本质上更有可能演变成真实的治疗方法。阻碍将这些先导疗法转化为可行药物的主要障碍之一是缺乏制药业的参与，制药业几十年来一直在发现先导药物并将其转化为药物。因此，制药业的专门知识需要更有效地参与开发针对生物威胁剂的药物。快速检测和诊断生物威胁剂的新方法也在开发中。生物威胁的检测和诊断与治疗有着内在的联系。目前正在部署探测生物武器释放的手段，新技术正在缩短从最初样本收集到确定战剂之间的时间。然而，这一进程的组织是不完善的。目前，显然需要一个协调生物防御反应的统一实体，以减少药物开发过程中的时间和冗余。这样一个中央实体可以制定和执行计划，协调所有参与者，包括学术机构、政府机构和私营部门。这可以加速针对高概率生物威胁剂的对策的发展。生物恐怖主义的威胁和对军事和平民使用生物武器的可能性已成为世界各国政府的主要关切。例如，2001年，受炭疽污染的信件导致数人死亡，引起广泛的公众恐慌，并造成严重的经济损失。如果这种小规模的生物恐怖主义行为能够产生如此巨大的影响，那么大规模攻击的影响将是灾难性的。本文综述了近年来在开发治疗对策和诊断，这些代理商的进展。
Bioweapons are a clear threat to both military and civilian populations. Here, the latest advances in the pursuit of inhibitors against biothreat threat toxins, current therapeutic strategies for treating biodefence related pathogens, and strategies for improving detection and exposure survivability are covered. There are numerous lead therapeutics that have emerged from drug discovery efforts. However, many of these are toxic and/or fail to possess conventional drug-like properties. One clear advantage of small (non-peptidic) molecules is that they possess scaffolds that are inherently more likely to evolve into real therapeutics. One of the major obstacles impeding the translation of these lead therapeutics into viable drugs is the lack of involvement of the pharmaceutical industry, which has been discovering leads and translating them into drugs for decades. The expertise of the pharmaceutical industry therefore needs to be more effectively engaged in developing drugs against biothreat agents. New methods for rapidly detecting and diagnosing biothreat agents are also in development. The detection and diagnosis of biothreats is inherently linked with treatment. The means for detecting the release of bioweapons are being deployed, and new technologies are shortening the timeframe between initial sample collection and conclusive agent determination. However, the organization of this process is imperfect. At present, a unifying entity that orchestrates the biodefence response is clearly needed to reduce the time-to-drug process and redundancies in drug development efforts. Such a central entity could formulate and implement plans to coordinate all participants, including academic institutions, government agencies and the private sector. This could accelerate the development of countermeasures against high probability biothreat agents. The threat of bioterrorism and the potential use of biological weapons against both military and civilian populations has become a major concern for governments around the world. For example, in 2001 anthrax-tainted letters resulted in several deaths, caused widespread public panic and exerted a heavy economic toll. If such a small-scale act of bioterrorism could have such a huge impact, then the effects of a large-scale attack would be catastrophic. This review covers recent progress in developing therapeutic countermeasures against, and diagnostics for, such agents.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.89.11.4825
发表时间：
1992-06-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
CHANG, HW;WATSON, JC;JACOBS, BL
通讯作者：
JACOBS, BL
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
BECKER, S;SPIESS, M;KLENK, HD
通讯作者：
KLENK, HD
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.220398297
发表时间：
2000-10-24
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Basler, CF;Wang, XY;Palese, P
通讯作者：
Palese, P
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
BAKER, CN;HOLLIS, DG;THORNSBERRY, C
通讯作者：
THORNSBERRY, C
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Breidenbach, MA;Brunger, AT
通讯作者：
Brunger, AT