Is adaptation to climate change really constrained in niche specialists?
Is adaptation to climate change really constrained in niche specialists?
复制标题
适应气候变化真的限制了利基专家吗？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Sgrò
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Belinda van Heerwaarden;C. Sgrò
分布有限的物种构成了生物多样性的绝大多数。最近的证据表明，限制热带分布的果蝇物种缺乏干燥抗性的关键性状的遗传变异。因此，据预测，热带限制物种对未来气候变化的进化反应将受到限制，并将面临更大的灭绝风险。然而，这些评估是使用极端水平的干燥应力（低于10%的相对湿度（RH））进行的，其范围远远超出了未来30年气候变化情景下对潮湿热带地区的预测变化。在这里，我们表明，显着的进化反应不太极端（35%相对湿度），但更生态现实的水平，气候变化和干燥应力实际上是可能的两种雨林限制果蝇。进化可能确实是一种重要的手段，通过这种手段，敏感的雨林限制物种能够减轻气候变化的影响。
Species with restricted distributions make up the vast majority of biodiversity. Recent evidence suggests that Drosophila species with restricted tropical distributions lack genetic variation in the key trait of desiccation resistance. It has therefore been predicted that tropically restricted species will be limited in their evolutionary response to future climatic changes and will face higher risks of extinction. However, these assessments have been made using extreme levels of desiccation stress (less than 10% relative humidity (RH)) that extend well beyond the changes projected for the wet tropics under climate change scenarios over the next 30 years. Here, we show that significant evolutionary responses to less extreme (35% RH) but more ecologically realistic levels of climatic change and desiccation stress are in fact possible in two species of rainforest restricted Drosophila. Evolution may indeed be an important means by which sensitive rainforest-restricted species are able to mitigate the effects of climate change.