Assessments of global drivers of vaccine hesitancy in 2014-Looking beyond safety concerns.
Assessments of global drivers of vaccine hesitancy in 2014-Looking beyond safety concerns.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0172310
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Duclos P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marti M;de Cola M;MacDonald NE;Dumolard L;Duclos P
尽管有大量证据表明疫苗在预防疾病和每年挽救数百万人生命方面的价值，但疫苗犹豫已成为全球日益关注和关切的焦点。在世界范围内衡量疫苗犹豫及其决定因素对于了解问题的范围和制定以证据为基础的有针对性的战略以减少犹豫非常重要。制定了两项评估疫苗犹豫的指标，以便在2014年收集数据：1)过去一年未按国家计划接受疫苗的三大原因，以及应对措施是基于意见还是基于评估；2)过去5年在国家或国家以下一级是否对疫苗接种的信心水平进行了评估（或衡量）。全球最常提到的疫苗犹豫的原因涉及(1)疫苗的风险效益；(2)知识和认识问题；(3)宗教、文化、性别或社会经济因素。主要问题是对副作用的恐惧、对疫苗接种的不信任以及缺乏关于免疫或免疫服务的信息。分析显示，所有国家中有29%对本国的信心水平进行了评估，这表明疫苗信心是一个重要问题。监测疫苗犹豫至关重要，因为它影响免疫规划的成功。据我们所知，拟议的指标首次提供了导致疫苗犹豫的原因的全球概况，并描述了其广泛的性质，以及各国进行评估的程度。
Vaccine hesitancy has become the focus of growing attention and concern globally despite overwhelming evidence of the value of vaccines in preventing disease and saving the lives of millions of individuals every year. Measuring vaccine hesitancy and its determinants worldwide is important in order to understand the scope of the problem and for the development of evidence-based targeted strategies to reduce hesitancy. Two indicators to assess vaccine hesitancy were developed to capture its nature and scope at the national and subnational level to collect data in 2014: 1) The top 3 reasons for not accepting vaccines according to the national schedule in the past year and whether the response was opinion- or assessment-based and 2) Whether an assessment (or measurement) of the level of confidence in vaccination had taken place at national or subnational level in the previous 5 years. The most frequently cited reasons for vaccine hesitancy globally related to (1) the risk-benefit of vaccines, (2) knowledge and awareness issues, (3) religious, cultural, gender or socio-economic factors. Major issues were fear of side effects, distrust in vaccination and lack of information on immunization or immunization services. The analysis revealed that 29% of all countries had done an assessment of the level of confidence in their country, suggesting that vaccine confidence was an issue of importance. Monitoring vaccine hesitancy is critical because of its influence on the success of immunization programs. To our knowledge, the proposed indicators provide the first global snapshot of reasons driving vaccine hesitancy and depicting its widespread nature, as well as the extent of assessments conducted by countries.