Basic Impairments in Regulating the Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff Predict Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Basic Impairments in Regulating the Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff Predict Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.07.031
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发表时间：
2010-12-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Durston, Sarah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mulder, Martijn J.;Bos, Dienke;Durston, Sarah
背景：注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的特征是在面对不断变化的需求时，行为优化不良。ADHD的理论解释通常集中在高阶认知过程，通常假设基本过程不受影响。这是一个悬而未决的问题，是否确实是这样的。方法：我们探讨了基本的认知加工在25个科目与ADHD和30个典型的发展中国家的儿童和青少年的知觉决策范式。我们调查了ADHD患者是否能够平衡决策的速度和准确性。结果：我们发现在速度-准确性权衡的优化中存在障碍。此外，这些损害直接相关的多动症和冲动的症状，其特征的ADHD-phenotype.Conclusions：这些数据表明，在基本的认知加工障碍是中央的障碍。这就对ADHD作为一种“高阶”缺陷的概念化提出了质疑，因为这种简单的决策过程是ADHD研究中几乎所有范式的核心。
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) is characterized by poor optimization of behavior in the face of changing demands. Theoretical accounts of ADHD have often focused on higher-order cognitive processes and typically assume that basic processes are unaffected. It is an open question whether this is indeed the case.Method: We explored basic cognitive processing in 25 subjects with ADHD and 30 typically developing children and adolescents with a perceptual decision-making paradigm. We investigated whether individuals with ADHD were able to balance the speed and accuracy of decisions.Results: We found impairments in the optimization of the speed-accuracy tradeoff. Furthermore, these impairments were directly related to the hyperactive and impulsive symptoms that characterize the ADHD-phenotype.Conclusions: These data suggest that impairments in basic cognitive processing are central to the disorder. This calls into question conceptualizations of ADHD as a "higher-order" deficit, as such simple decision processes are at the core of almost every paradigm used in ADHD research.