Learning across languages: bilingual experience supports dual language statistical word segmentation
Learning across languages: bilingual experience supports dual language statistical word segmentation
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DOI：
10.1111/desc.12548
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Estes, Katharine Graf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Antovich, Dylan M.;Estes, Katharine Graf
双语习得提出了超越单语环境的学习挑战，包括需要用两种语言分割语音。婴儿可以使用统计线索（例如音节级别的转移概率）来从流利的语音中分割单词。在本研究中，我们评估了单语和双语14个月大的婴儿的能力，分割两个人工语言使用过渡概率线索。在实验1中，单语婴儿成功地分割语音流时，语言单独提出。然而，单语者没有分段相同的语言刺激时，他们一起提出交错段，模仿双语语音固有的语言开关。为了评估现实世界的双语经验对双语语音分割的影响，实验2测试了经常接触两种语言的婴儿，使用与实验1相同的交错语言刺激。实验2中的双语婴儿成功地分割了语言，表明早期接触两种语言支持婴儿使用过渡概率线索分割双语语音的能力。这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即早期双语接触使婴儿在开始习得两种语言时能够应对双语环境中具有挑战性的方面。
Bilingual acquisition presents learning challenges beyond those found in monolingual environments, including the need to segment speech in two languages. Infants may use statistical cues, such as syllable-level transitional probabilities, to segment words from fluent speech. In the present study we assessed monolingual and bilingual 14-month-olds' abilities to segment two artificial languages using transitional probability cues. In Experiment 1, monolingual infants successfully segmented the speech streams when the languages were presented individually. However, monolinguals did not segment the same language stimuli when they were presented together in interleaved segments, mimicking the language switches inherent to bilingual speech. To assess the effect of real-world bilingual experience on dual language speech segmentation, Experiment 2 tested infants with regular exposure to two languages using the same interleaved language stimuli as Experiment 1. The bilingual infants in Experiment 2 successfully segmented the languages, indicating that early exposure to two languages supports infants' abilities to segment dual language speech using transitional probability cues. These findings support the notion that early bilingual exposure prepares infants to navigate challenging aspects of dual language environments as they begin to acquire two languages.