Engineered T cells: the promise and challenges of cancer immunotherapy.

Engineered T cells: the promise and challenges of cancer immunotherapy.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrc.2016.97
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发表时间:
2016-08-23
期刊:
Nature reviews. Cancer
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Levine BL
Levine BL
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fesnak AD;June CH;Levine BL

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免疫系统进化到区分非自我和自我,以保护生物体。由于癌症源自我们自己的细胞,因此对细胞生长失调的免疫反应提出了独特的挑战。这与肿瘤微环境中产生的免疫逃避和免疫抑制机制有关。现代遗传工具箱使工程T细胞的过继转移能够在天然癌症特异性免疫应答失败的情况下产生增强的抗癌免疫功能。基因工程T细胞,所谓的“活药物”,代表了抗癌治疗的新范式。最近的临床试验使用工程化的T细胞表达嵌合抗原受体(汽车)或工程化的T细胞受体(TCR)已经在复发性或难治性血液恶性肿瘤患者中产生了惊人的结果。在这篇综述中,我们描述了一些最新的和有前途的进展,工程T细胞治疗,特别强调下一代T细胞治疗可能需要什么。
The immune system evolved to distinguish non-self from self to protect the organism. As cancer is derived from our own cells, immune responses to dysregulated cell growth present a unique challenge. This is compounded by mechanisms of immune evasion and immunosuppression that develop in the tumour microenvironment. The modern genetic toolbox enables the adoptive transfer of engineered T cells to create enhanced anticancer immune functions where natural cancer-specific immune responses have failed. Genetically engineered T cells, so-called 'living drugs', represent a new paradigm in anticancer therapy. Recent clinical trials using T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or engineered T cell receptors (TCRs) have produced stunning results in patients with relapsed or refractory haematological malignancies. In this Review we describe some of the most recent and promising advances in engineered T cell therapy with a particular emphasis on what the next generation of T cell therapy is likely to entail.
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1954.0054
发表时间: 1954-01-01
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