Influence of Maize Residues in Shaping Soil Microbiota and Fusarium spp. Communities
Influence of Maize Residues in Shaping Soil Microbiota and Fusarium spp. Communities
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-021-01797-6
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发表时间：
2021-06-24
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Picot, Adeline
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cobo-Diaz, Jose F.;Legrand, Fabienne;Picot, Adeline
镰刀菌头枯病（Fusarium Head Blight，FHB）是小麦等小粒谷物的一种毁灭性真菌病害。致病真菌在其生命周期期间定殖于田地的各种组分，包括先前的作物残留物、土壤和谷物。虽然土壤和残留物构成了主要的接种源，但这些成分受到的关注远低于谷物。本研究旨在解开前作物残留物在形成土壤微生物群中的作用，包括镰刀菌。社区，在小麦-玉米轮作下的田地里。这些知识可能有助于更好地了解镰刀菌之间的复杂的相互作用。和土壤微生物。细菌和真菌群落的动态，特别关注镰刀菌属，在3个时间点对土壤中的残留物进行了监测：小麦种植期间（2015年4月和2017年4月）和玉米收获后（2016年11月），以及收获后从田间采集的玉米残留物。在围隔生态系统实验中，还使用玉米残留物改良的土壤评估了微生物群的变化。禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum）和禾谷镰刀菌（F.燕麦是玉米残留物上的优势种，但在小麦种植期间不会残留在土壤中。不同年份土壤细菌多样性和组成的差异远低于田间差异，表明细菌群落具有田间特异性，随着时间的推移更加保守。不同采样时间对土壤真菌多样性和组成的影响不同。收获后留下的玉米残留物导致土壤富集了几种真菌属，包括Epicoccum、Fusarium、Vishniacozyma、Papiliotrema、Sarocladium、Xenobotryosphaeria、柱隔孢属、枝孢属、隐球菌属和Bullera，但没有细菌属。同样，在围隔条件下，玉米残体的加入对真菌群落的影响比对细菌群落的影响更大。特别是，除了玉米显着增加了土壤真菌的丰富度，而细菌更不容易发生变化。基于共现网络，OTU与镰刀菌属负相关。鉴定了，如那些分配给Epicoccum和Vishniacozyma。总而言之，我们的研究结果使我们能够更深入地了解土壤中复杂的微生物群相互作用，细菌和真菌对环境干扰的反应不同。
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease of small grain cereals including wheat. Causal fungal agents colonize various components of the field during their life cycle including previous crop residues, soil, and grains. Although soil and residues constitute the main inoculum source, these components have received much less attention than grains. This study aimed at disentangling the role of previous crop residues in shaping soil microbiota, including Fusarium spp. communities, in fields under wheat-maize rotation. Such knowledge may contribute to better understand the complex interactions between Fusarium spp. and soil microbiota. Dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities, with a special focus on Fusarium spp., were monitored in soils at 3 time points: during wheat cultivation (April 2015 and 2017) and after maize harvest (November 2016) and in maize residues taken from fields after harvest. Shifts in microbiota were also evaluated under mesocosm experiments using soils amended with maize residues. Fusarium graminearum and F. avenaceum were predominant on maize residues but did not remain in soils during wheat cultivation. Differences in soil bacterial diversity and compositions among years were much lower than variation between fields, suggesting that bacterial communities are field-specific and more conserved over time. In contrast, soil fungal diversity and compositions were more influenced by sampling time. Maize residues, left after harvest, led to a soil enrichment with several fungal genera, including Epicoccum, Fusarium, Vishniacozyma, Papiliotrema, Sarocladium, Xenobotryosphaeria, Ramularia, Cladosporium, Cryptococcus, and Bullera, but not with bacterial genera. Likewise, under mesocosm conditions, the addition of maize residues had a stronger influence on fungal communities than on bacterial communities. In particular, addition of maize significantly increased soil fungal richness, while bacteria were much less prone to changes. Based on co-occurrence networks, OTUs negatively correlated to Fusarium spp. were identified, such as those assigned to Epicoccum and Vishniacozyma. Altogether, our results allowed to gain a deeper insight into the complex microbiota interactions in soils, with bacteria and fungi responding differently to environmental disturbances.