Rare genetic variation is important for survival in extreme low pH conditions
Rare genetic variation is important for survival in extreme low pH conditions
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罕见的遗传变异对于极低 pH 条件下的生存很重要
DOI：
10.1101/422261
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Melissa H. Pespeni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Brennan;A. Garrett;Kaitlin E. Huber;Heidi Hargarten;Melissa H. Pespeni
通过日益频繁的极端环境波动，种群的持久性将需要对常存遗传变异进行选择。虽然一些物种已经显示出适应未来平均条件的能力，但生存和潜在适应极端事件的能力尚不清楚。本研究采用集合捕获测序的方法，对数十万只野生捕获的紫圆心海胆成虫进行单代选择实验，测试了紫圆心海胆在中等（pH 8.0）和极端（pH 7.5）低pH条件下的适应能力，并鉴定了遗传变异。单代选择表明，等位基因频率在重复培养物中发生一致的变化，在所选位点周围的连锁不平衡增加，揭示了直立变异的选择性扫描。我们发现极端pH选择以低频率的等位基因为目标，而对中等和极端pH选择都有反应的变异从高频率的等位基因开始，这表明通过平衡选择来维持。等位基因频率变化最大的变异与脂质代谢、pH耐受性、膜运输和肌动蛋白/细胞骨架动力学调节有关。这些结果强调，在极端条件下的生存依赖于低频率的常设遗传变异，而这种变异必须通过大种群规模来维持。
Population persistence through increasingly frequent extreme environmental fluctuations will require selection on standing genetic variation. While some species have shown the capacity to adapt to mean future conditions, the ability to survive and potentially adapt to extreme events is unknown. Here we used pooled capture sequencing to test for adaptive capacity and identify genetic variation responsive to moderate (pH 8.0) and extreme (pH 7.5) low pH conditions using single generation selection experiments on hundreds of thousands of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus sea urchin larvae generated from wild-caught adults. The single generation of selection showed consistent shifts in allele frequencies across replicate cultures and increased linkage disequilibrium around selected loci, revealing selective sweeps from standing variation. We found extreme pH selection targeted alleles at low frequency in the population while variants that responded to both moderate and extreme pH selection started at higher allele frequencies, suggesting maintenance by balancing selection. Variants with the greatest changes in allele frequencies performed functions related to lipid metabolism, pH tolerance, membrane trafficking, and regulation of actin/cytoskeleton dynamics. These results highlight that survival in extreme conditions relies on low frequency standing genetic variation that must be maintained by large population sizes.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Chan F;Barth JA;Blanchette CA;Byrne RH;Chavez F;Cheriton O;Feely RA;Friederich G;Gaylord B;Gouhier T;Hacker S;Hill T;Hofmann G;McManus MA;Menge BA;Nielsen KJ;Russell A;Sanford E;Sevadjian J;Washburn L
通讯作者：
Washburn L
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Gompert, Zachariah;Egan, Scott P.;Nosil, Patrik
通讯作者：
Nosil, Patrik