Role for Basophils in Systemic Anaphylaxis
Role for Basophils in Systemic Anaphylaxis
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DOI：
10.1159/000315939
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mukai, Kaori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Karasuyama, Hajime;Tsujimura, Yusuke;Mukai, Kaori
自保罗·埃利希 (Paul Ehrlich) 发现嗜碱性粒细胞以来，这种罕见的白细胞与肥大细胞相比的功能意义一直是个谜。长期以来，对嗜碱性粒细胞的研究一直受到其稀有性（不到外周血白细胞的 1%）和缺乏有用的分析工具（例如仅缺乏嗜碱性粒细胞的模型动物）的阻碍。反应和免疫调节，并显着改变了我们对嗜碱性粒细胞的印象，从被忽视的少数变成了免疫系统中的关键参与者。我们最近证明，嗜碱性粒细胞和肥大细胞在小鼠全身过敏反应中发挥着不同的作用，与肥大细胞不同，嗜碱性粒细胞对于 IgE 介导的全身过敏反应是可有可无的。相反，嗜碱性粒细胞在 IgG 介导的全身性过敏反应中发挥着主要作用。体内嗜碱性粒细胞的消耗可保护小鼠免于过敏性死亡。捕获 IgG-过敏原复合物后，嗜碱性粒细胞会释放血小板激活因子，增加血管通透性，导致过敏性休克。因此，过敏原诱导的全身性过敏反应有两种主要且不同的途径，一种由嗜碱性粒细胞、IgG 和血小板激活因子介导，另一种“经典”途径由肥大细胞、IgE 和组胺介导 版权所有 (C) 2010 S Karger AG，巴塞尔
For more than 100 years since the discovery of basophils by Paul Ehrlich, the functional significance of this rare leukocyte as compared to mast cells has remained an enigma Studies on basophils have long been hampered by their rarity (less than 1% of peripheral blood leukocytes) and the lack of useful analytical tools such as model animals deficient only in basophils Recent studies have now defined previously-unrecognized roles for basophils in both allergic responses and immune regulation, and markedly changed our image of basophils, from a neglected minority to a key player in the immune system We have recently demonstrated that basophils and mast cells play distinct roles in systemic anaphylaxis in mice Basophils are dispensable for IgE-mediated systemic anaphylaxis unlike mast cells. Instead, basophils play the major role in IgG-mediated systemic anaphylaxis. In vivo depletion of basophils protects mice from anaphylactic death. Upon capture of IgG-allergen complexes, basophils release platelet-activating factor that increases vascular permeability, leading to anaphylactic shock. Thus, there are two major, distinct pathways to allergen-induced systemic anaphylaxis one mediated by basophils, IgG and platelet-activating factor, and the other 'classical' pathway mediated by mast cells, IgE and histamine Copyright (C) 2010 S Karger AG, Basel