Mycorrhizal Mediation of Soil: Fertility, Structure, and Carbon Storage
Mycorrhizal Mediation of Soil: Fertility, Structure, and Carbon Storage
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发表时间：
2016-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
N. Johnson;C. Gehring;J. Jansa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Johnson;C. Gehring;J. Jansa
菌根真菌通过土壤输送大量新近固定的植物碳（C），影响许多土壤过程，包括微生物群落的组成和活性以及土壤有机质（SOM）矿化。一些菌根真菌（特别是那些建立外，杜鹃花和兰花菌根）可以直接矿化SOM，虽然他们往往不利用它的C，但只有矿物营养物质，如氮和/或磷锁在it. Arbuscular菌根真菌缺乏有效的胞外酶矿化SOM对自己的，因此可能依赖于相关的微生物来做这项工作。通常，菌根真菌有效地消耗其地下室的矿质营养，如氮和磷，诱导土壤微生物群落的局部营养缺乏，并导致土壤有机C的长期稳定。本章简要概述了菌根共生在土壤碳循环中的作用，并介绍了后续章节从不同角度对这一主题的阐述。
Mycorrhizal fungi channel significant amounts of recently fixed plant carbon (C) through the soil, affecting a number of soil processes including the composition and activity of microbial communities and soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization. Some of the mycorrhizal fungi (particularly those establishing ecto-, ericoid and orchid mycorrhizas) can directly mineralize SOM, although often they do not utilize its C, but only the mineral nutrients such as nitrogen and/or phosphorus locked up in it. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi lack efficient exoenzymes to mineralize SOM on their own and thus possibly rely on associated microorganisms to do that job. Often, the mycorrhizal fungi effectively deplete their hyphospheres of mineral nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, inducing localized nutrient deficiency of soil microbial communities and resulting in stabilization of soil organic C on a long run. Involvement of mycorrhizal symbiosis in soil C cycling is briefly outlined in this chapter, introducing following chapters that elaborate on this subject from different perspectives.