Effect of Environmental Planning on Elderly Individual Quality of Life in Severe Cold Regions: A Case Study in Northeastern China
Effect of Environmental Planning on Elderly Individual Quality of Life in Severe Cold Regions: A Case Study in Northeastern China
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DOI：
10.3390/su14063522
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
H. Leng;Bingbing Han
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Leng;Bingbing Han
随着城市化进程的加快和人口老龄化的加剧，改善寒冷地区城市环境，提高老年人生活质量已成为亟待解决的问题。然而，只有少数研究集中在这方面。通过文献回顾，将严寒地区建成环境的内容界定为密度、环境美学、户外环境和可达性4类13个关键因素，老年人生活质量包括居住、健康和社会满意度3个方面。本研究探讨如何BE变量与生活质量的老年人使用有序logit和gologit2模型。数据包括1945份问卷的结果，从实地调查的11个不同的居民区，在中国东北两个城市。结果表明：（1）与其他气候区相比，冬季步行能力、距公园400-1000 m、户外遮蔽和座位、少于5辆公交车、常绿和落叶树种的混合是影响生活质量的5个最重要的因素;（2）"口袋公园"和行人通道安全是在当地经济条件下改善福祉的适当方法。对于公共交通，鼓励地铁和轨道交通系统，并需要一些规则来减少恶劣天气条件下的公交车数量;（3）与其他气候条件下的空间分布相比，严寒地区15分钟城市的范围应小于1公里。研究结果表明，改善城市环境的模式语言有6种，可为严寒地区环境规划的进一步研究提供参考。
With the development of urbanization and the ageing population, the improvement of the urban environment and the quality of life (QOL) of the elderly in cities with a cold climate have become critical issues to be addressed. However, only a few studies have focused on this aspect. According to a review of the literature, the contents of the built environment (BE) in severe cold regions are defined as thirteen key factors of four categories (density, environmental aesthetics, outdoor environment, and accessibility) and the QOL of old people consists of three aspects (residential, health, and social satisfaction). This study explores how BE variables are associated with the QOL of older adults by using ordered logit and gologit2 models. The data consist of the results of 1945 questionnaires from field surveys in 11 different residential areas, across two cities in northeastern China. The results show: (1) Walkability in winter, distance to a public park of 400–1000 m, outdoor shelters and seating, less than five buses available, and a mixture of evergreen and deciduous trees are five of the most important variables of BE that have a significant positive impact on QOL compared with other climatic regions; (2) “Pocket parks” and pedestrian walkway safety are appropriate approaches to improve wellbeing under local economic conditions. For public transportation, metro and rail transit systems are encouraged, and some rules are needed to reduce the number of buses in harsh weather conditions; (3) Compared with spatial distribution in other climates, the scope of a 15 min city should be less than 1km in severe cold areas. From the findings, we conclude that there are six possible pattern languages to improve the urban environment, and they can provide information for further study on environmental planning in severe cold regions.