In vivo estimation of tracheal distensibility and hysteresis in normal adults.
In vivo estimation of tracheal distensibility and hysteresis in normal adults.
复制标题
正常成人气管扩张性和滞后性的体内估计。
DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1987.63.6.2482
复制
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fredberg,JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoffstein,V;Castile,RG;O'Donnell,CR;Glass,GM;Strieder,DJ;Wohl,ME;Fredberg,JJ
本文应用声反射技术测量了8例健康成人气管和支气管的截面积。我们测量了从总肺容量（TLC）到剩余容量（RV）的缓慢连续呼气过程中的气道面积，并在吸气过程中返回TLC。肺容量和食管压力连续监测在这个准静态，双肺活量动作。我们发现：（1）气管和支气管段的面积随肺容积和跨壁压的增加而增加，（2）气管和支气管表现出不同程度的滞后，其可能大于或小于肺实质的滞后，（3）胸外和胸内气管段表现得好像它们受到相似的跨壁压，并且具有相似的弹性特性，（4）具体遵守情况胸内和支气管段的（平均值+/- SE）（假设跨壁压等于跨肺压计算）显著高于（P <0.05）胸内节段小于支气管节段：（2.1 +/- 2.0）X 10（-3）cmH2O-1与（9.1 +/- 2.1）X 10（-3）cmH2O-1。使用声反射直接测量气道面积与先前通过X线摄影或内窥镜获得的气道扩张性在体内的估计值非常一致。
We used the acoustic reflection technique to measure the cross-sectional area of tracheal and bronchial airway segments of eight healthy adults. We measured airway area during a slow continuous expiration from total lung capacity (TLC) to residual volume (RV) and during inspiration back to TLC. Lung volume and esophageal pressure were monitored continuously during this quasi-static, double vital capacity maneuver. We found that 1) the area of tracheal and bronchial segments increases with increasing lung volume and transpulmonary pressure, 2) the trachea and bronchi exhibit a variable degree of hysteresis, which may be greater or less than that of the lung parenchyma, 3) extrathoracic and intrathoracic tracheal segments behaved as if they were subjected to similar transmural pressure and had similar elastic properties, and 4) specific compliance (means +/- SE) for the intrathoracic and bronchial segments, calculated with the assumption that transmural pressure is equal to the transpulmonary pressure, was significantly (P less than 0.05) smaller for the intrathoracic segment than for the bronchial segment: (2.1 +/- 2.0) X 10(-3) cmH2O-–1 vs. (9.1 +/- 2.1) X 10(-3) cmH2O–1. Direct measurements of airway area using acoustic reflections are in good agreement with previous estimates of airway distensibility in vivo, obtained by radiography or endoscopy.