Toxins induce 'malaise' behaviour in the honeybee (Apis mellifera).
Toxins induce 'malaise' behaviour in the honeybee (Apis mellifera).
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-014-0932-0
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发表时间：
2014-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wright GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hurst V;Stevenson PC;Wright GA
为了避免中毒和死亡，当摄入毒素时，身体会用一套生理解毒机制做出反应，并伴有哺乳动物通常包括呕吐，恶心和嗜睡的行为。很少有研究表明，昆虫是否会在中毒后表现出典型的“类不适”行为。在这里，我们用蜜蜂调查中毒产生的注射或摄入三种毒素与不同的药理作用模式奎宁，苦杏仁苷，氯化锂影响的行为。我们发现，毒素引起的行为变化的最佳特点是花更多的时间梳理。蜜蜂也难以进行翻正反射，并表现出特定的毒素诱导行为，如腹部拖曳和蜷缩。这些行为的表现也取决于是否注射或摄入了毒素。当毒素被摄入时，它们在血淋巴中的浓度比摄入的食物中的浓度低至少10倍，这表明它们通过肠道的吸收受到强烈的调节。我们的数据表明，蜜蜂表现出的行为变化是“不适”的特点，并表明中毒的生理信号是由多个摄食后的途径在动物。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s 00359 -014-0932-0）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
To avoid poisoning and death when toxins are ingested, the body responds with a suite of physiological detoxification mechanisms accompanied by behaviours that in mammals often include vomiting, nausea, and lethargy. Few studies have characterised whether insects exhibit characteristic ‘malaise-like’ behaviours in response to intoxication. Here, we used the honeybee to investigate how intoxication produced by injection or ingestion with three toxins with different pharmacological modes of action quinine, amygdalin, and lithium chloride affected behaviour. We found that toxin-induced changes in behaviour were best characterised by more time spent grooming. Bees also had difficulty performing the righting reflex and exhibited specific toxin-induced behaviours such as abdomen dragging and curling up. The expression of these behaviours also depended on whether a toxin had been injected or ingested. When toxins were ingested, they were least 10 times less concentrated in the haemolymph than in the ingested food, suggesting that their absorption through the gut is strongly regulated. Our data show that bees exhibit changes in behaviour that are characteristic of ‘malaise’ and suggest that physiological signalling of toxicosis is accomplished by multiple post-ingestive pathways in animals. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00359-014-0932-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.