The molecular pathology of melanoma: an integrated taxonomy of melanocytic neoplasia.
The molecular pathology of melanoma: an integrated taxonomy of melanocytic neoplasia.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-pathol-012513-104658
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bastian BC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bastian BC
黑色素瘤由多个生物学上不同的类别组成，这些类别在细胞起源、发病年龄、临床和组织学表现、转移模式、种族分布、紫外线辐射的致病作用、易感种系改变、突变过程和体细胞突变模式方面有所不同。肿瘤是由几种原癌基因之一的功能获得性突变引发的，通常导致具有特征性组织学特征的良性黑素细胞痣。痣的进展受到多种肿瘤抑制机制的抑制。继发性基因改变克服了这些障碍，并促进中间型或明显的恶性肿瘤沿着不同的进展轨迹发展。回顾了当前关于原发性黑素细胞肿瘤的发病机制、临床、组织学和遗传特征的知识，并将其整合到分类框架中。
Melanomas are comprised of multiple biologically distinct categories, which differ in cell of origin, age of onset, clinical and histologic presentation, pattern of metastasis, ethnic distribution, causative role of UV radiation, predisposing germ line alterations, mutational processes, and patterns of somatic mutations. Neoplasms are initiated by gain of function mutations in one of several primary oncogenes, typically leading to benign melanocytic nevi with characteristic histologic features. The progression of nevi is restrained by multiple tumor suppressive mechanisms. Secondary genetic alterations override these barriers and promote intermediate or overtly malignant tumors along distinct progression trajectories. The current knowledge about pathogenesis, clinical, histological and genetic features of primary melanocytic neoplasms is reviewed and integrated into a taxonomic framework.