Chitosan exerts anticancer activity through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in oral cancer cells
Chitosan exerts anticancer activity through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in oral cancer cells
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DOI：
10.2334/josnusd.56.119
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Ikeda, Masa-Aki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wimardhani, Yuniardini S.;Suniarti, Dewi F.;Ikeda, Masa-Aki
壳聚糖是一种多用途的生物材料，已被证明对包括口腔癌在内的几种类型的癌症发挥作用。然而，壳聚糖对口腔鳞状细胞癌（SCC）细胞的抗癌活性的机制仍不清楚。本研究旨在比较低分子量壳聚糖（LMWC）和顺铂对口腔鳞状细胞癌Ca 9 -22和非癌角质形成细胞HaCaT细胞系的作用。MTT法检测细胞活力，激光扫描细胞仪检测细胞周期。TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡，电镜观察细胞凋亡，caspase活性检测。LMWC对Ca 9 -22细胞有细胞毒性作用，但对HaCaT细胞无细胞毒性作用，而顺铂在两种类型的细胞中均诱导凋亡。Ca 9 -22细胞暴露于LMWC导致G1/S细胞周期阻滞和TUNEL阳性细胞增加，伴随着早期凋亡细胞形态和caspase活性的微妙增加。短期LMWC暴露对HaCaT细胞的细胞毒性低于对Ca 9 -22细胞的细胞毒性，并且通过诱导凋亡和细胞周期阻滞来发挥抗癌活性，这表明LMWC可能是一种有前途的天然抗癌剂，对正常细胞的副作用较少。
Chitosan, a multipurpose biomaterial, has been shown to exert effects against several types of cancer including oral cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the anticancer activities of chitosan on oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to compare the effects of low-molecular-weight chitosan (LMWC) and cisplatin on oral SCC Ca9-22 and non-cancer keratinocyte HaCaT cell lines. Cell viability and cell cycle profiles were measured by MTT assay and laser scanning cytometry, respectively. Apoptosis was examined by TUNEL assay and electron microscopy, followed by analysis of caspase activity. LMWC exhibited cytotoxic effects on Ca9-22, but not HaCaT cells, whereas cisplatin induced apoptosis in both types of cells. Exposure of Ca9-22 cells to LMWC led to G1/S cell cycle arrest and an increase of TUNEL-positive cells accompanied by an early apoptotic cell morphology and subtle increases of caspase activity. Short-term LMWC exposure was less cytotoxic to HaCaT cells than to Ca9-22 cells, and anticancer activity was exerted through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, suggesting that LMWC could be a promising natural anticancer agent with fewer side effects on normal cells.