Influence of the Deep Waterway Project on the Changjiang Estuary
Influence of the Deep Waterway Project on the Changjiang Estuary
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DOI：
10.1007/1-4020-3655-8_6
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Jianrong Zhu;P. Ding;Li-Quan Zhang;Hui Wu;Huijiang Cao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jianrong Zhu;P. Ding;Li-Quan Zhang;Hui Wu;Huijiang Cao
采用改进的高分辨率网格三维ECOM模型，结合多种动力因素，分析了深水航道工程对长江口海水入侵的影响。南支流的盐度受到下游咸水入侵和上游北支流微咸水溢出的影响。在北航道，深水道工程后咸水入侵明显减轻，这是由于工程堤防在偏北季风和科里奥利力的作用下，阻挡了咸水羽流的南移。工程区内的咸水入侵在上段加剧，下段缓解。在南通道，随着背景盐度的增加和河流流量的减少，咸水入侵加剧。长江口深水航道工程对海水入侵有明显的影响。对深水航道工程对浮游生物和底栖生物的影响进行了量化分析。与20年前相比，浮游生物和底栖生物的种类数量和生物量急剧减少。长江口生物多样性的退化是由于农业、污水排放等人类活动引起的富营养化，以及填海造地和入海口工程的累积影响而出现的。
Using the improved 3-D ECOM model with a high resolution grid and incorporating various dynamic factors, the impact of the deep waterway project on the saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary was analysed. Salinity in the South Branch is shown to be influenced by saltwater intrusion downstream and from spillage of brackish water from the North Branch upstream. In the North Channel, the saltwater intrusion had been alleviated distinctly after the deep waterway project, because the dykes of the project blocked off the southward drift of the brackish water plumes under forcing by the northerly monsoon and the Coriolis force. The saltwater intrusion in the project area was intensified at the upper section and alleviated at the lower section. In the South passage, the saltwater intrusion was intensified as the background salinity increased and the river discharge decreased. The deep waterway project had an obvious impact on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary.The impacts of the deep waterway project on planktons and benthos have been quantified and analyzed. The species number and biomass of planktons and benthos have decreased dramatically as compared with 20 years ago. The degradation of biodiversity at the Changjiang Estuary appears due to the cumulative impacts of eutrophication caused by human activities such as agriculture and sewage discharge, as well as land reclamation and estuarine engineering projects.