THE PUPILLARY LIGHT REFLEX IN NORMAL AND INNATE MICROSTRABISMIC CATS .2. RETINAL AND CORTICAL INPUT TO THE NUCLEUS PRAETECTALIS OLIVARIS
THE PUPILLARY LIGHT REFLEX IN NORMAL AND INNATE MICROSTRABISMIC CATS .2. RETINAL AND CORTICAL INPUT TO THE NUCLEUS PRAETECTALIS OLIVARIS
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DOI：
10.1017/s0952523800004454
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
HOFFMANN, KP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DISTLER, C;HOFFMANN, KP
使用解剖学方法和电刺激对正常猫和先天性微斜视猫的瞳孔光反射的解剖学基础进行了研究。顶盖前橄榄核（NPO）是皮层下瞳孔收缩通路中的顶盖前中继站，双侧视网膜输入被确定来自代表上视野的腹侧视网膜。顺向电刺激显示，视网膜信息主要通过可能源自 W 型和 X 型视网膜神经节细胞的缓慢传导轴突传递到 NPO 中的正态神经元。首次证明了皮层对 NPO 中正态神经元的直接输入。这种皮质输入源自枕叶皮质的尾外侧部分。假定的输入结构是代表视野上部的区域 19 和 20a 的细分。可以证明从 NPO 到 Edinger-Westphal 核的直接的、主要是对侧的投影，具有弱的同侧成分，并且可以证明 NPO 之间的半球间连接。就本研究中描述的解剖学联系而言，正常猫和先天性微斜视猫之间没有发现差异。研究结果讨论了瞳孔对光反射的双眼总和及其在双眼视力受损受试者中的减少。
The anatomical substrate of the pupillary light reflex was investigated in normal and innate microstrabismic cats using anatomical methods as well as electrical stimulation. The bilateral retinal input to the nucleus praetectalis olivaris (NPO), the pretectal relay station in the subcortical pupilloconstrictor pathway, was identified to come from the ventral retina where the upper visual field is represented. Orthodromic electrical stimulation revealed that retinal information is transmitted to on-tonic neurons in the NPO mainly via slowly conducting axons probably originating from W- and X-type retinal ganglion cells.For the first time, a direct cortical input to on-tonic neurons in the NPO could be demonstrated. This cortical input originates from caudolateral parts of the occipital cortex. Putative input structures are those subdivisions of areas 19 and 20a where the upper part of the visual field is represented.A direct, predominantly contralateral projection with a weak ipsilateral component from NPO to the nucleus of Edinger-Westphal, and an interhemispheric connection between the NPOs could be demonstrated. With respect to the anatomical connections as described in this study, no differences between normal and innate microstrabismic cats could be found.The results are discussed with respect to the binocular summation of the pupillary light reflex and its reduction in subjects with impaired binocular vision.