Structural and functional diversity of native brain neuronal nicotinic receptors
Structural and functional diversity of native brain neuronal nicotinic receptors
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bcp.2009.05.024
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Zoli, Michele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gotti, Cecilia;Clementi, Francesco;Zoli, Michele
神经元烟碱乙酰胆碱受体（nAChR）是存在于中枢和外周神经系统中的配体门控离子通道家族，其可渗透一价和二价阳离子。它们具有共同的基本结构，但它们的药理学和功能特性来自广泛的不同亚基组合，构成独特的亚型。nAChR参与中枢和外周神经系统中的许多生理功能，并且是广泛使用的滥用药物尼古丁的靶点。除了烟草依赖外，它们的数量和/或功能的变化还与从癫痫到痴呆等神经精神疾病有关。尽管已经确定了一些参与尼古丁急性和慢性影响的神经回路，关于天然nAChR的哪些亚型参与特定的生理功能和病理生理条件的研究知之甚少，我们简要回顾了最近关于nAChR结构的一些研究结果，和功能的天然nAChRs，重点是在中纹状体和缰-脚间途径，两个系统参与尼古丁的强化和戒断中确定的亚型。我们还讨论了最近的研究结果慢性尼古丁对表达的本地亚型的影响。(C)2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are a family of ligand-gated ion channels present in the central and peripheral nervous systems, that are permeable to mono- and divalent cations. They share a common basic structure but their pharmacological and functional properties arise from the wide range of different subunit combinations making up distinctive subtypes.nAChRs are involved in many physiological functions in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and are the targets of the widely used drug of abuse nicotine. In addition to tobacco dependence, changes in their number and/or function are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, ranging from epilepsy to dementia.Although some of the neural circuits involved in the acute and chronic effects of nicotine have been identified, much less is known about which native nAChR subtypes are involved in specific physiological functions and pathophysiological conditions.We briefly review some recent findings concerning the structure and function of native nAChRs, focusing on the Subtypes identified in the mesostriatal and habenulo-interpeduncular pathways, two systems involved in nicotine reinforcement and withdrawal. We also discuss recent findings concerning the effect of chronic nicotine on the expression of native subtypes. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.