The effects of adding mass to the legs on the energetics and biomechanics of walking
The effects of adding mass to the legs on the energetics and biomechanics of walking
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e31802b3562
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Goswami, Ambarish
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文献类型：
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作者：
Browning, Raymond C.;Modica, Jesse R.;Goswami, Ambarish
布朗宁C.的方法，J. R.莫迪卡河KRAM和A.哥斯瓦米增加腿部质量对步行的能量学和生物力学的影响。医学科学体育锻炼：Vol. 39，No. 3，pp. 515-525，2007年。目的：当腿部增加重量时，步行的代谢成本增加，但负载大小和位置对步行的能量学和生物力学的影响尚不清楚。我们假设腿部负荷1）净代谢率将与腿部（I-腿）的惯性矩相关，2）运动学将保持不变，除了沉重的足部负荷，3）摆动相矢状面净肌肉力矩和摆动相腿部肌肉肌电图（EMG）将增加。研究方法：五名成年男性在测力跑步机上以1.25 m s（-1）的速度行走，无负荷，每只脚和小腿负荷为2和4 kg，大腿负荷为4和8 kg，腰部负荷为4、8和16 kg。我们记录了代谢率和矢状面运动学和净肌肉力矩约髋，膝，踝关节在单站和摆动阶段，和肌电图的关键腿肌肉。结果：步行过程中的净代谢率随着负重质量和更远距离位置的增加而增加，并与I型腿相关（r（2）= 0.43）。大腿负荷相对便宜，这有助于解释为什么行走时的代谢率不会受到体重分布的强烈影响。在步行时，无负荷或有腰部、大腿或小腿负荷时，运动学、单站姿和摆动相肌肉力矩和EMG相似。净代谢率的增加与足部负荷有关，引发腿部摆动和更大的摆动阶段肌肉力矩的肌肉肌电图更大。结论：下肢远端负荷增加了摆动腿所需的代谢率。代谢率的增加与更近端的负荷可能是由于支持（通过髋关节外展肌肉）和传播摆动的组合
BROWNING, R. C., J. R. MODICA, R. KRAM, and A. GOSWAMI. The Effects of Adding Mass to the Legs on the Energetics and Biomechanics of Walking. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 515-525, 2007. Purpose: The metabolic cost of walking increases when mass is added to the legs, but the effects of load magnitude and location on the energetics and biomechanics of walking are unclear. We hypothesized that with leg loading 1) net metabolic rate would be related to the moment of inertia of the leg (I-leg), 2) kinematics would be conserved, except for heavy foot loads, and 3) swing-phase sagittal-plane net muscle moments and swing-phase leg-muscle electromyography (EMG) would increase. Methods: Five adult males walked on a force-measuring treadmill at 1.25 m s(-1) with no load and with loads of 2 and 4 kg per foot and shank, 4 and 8 kg per thigh, and 4, 8, and 16 kg on the waist. We recorded metabolic rate and sagittal-plane kinematics and net muscle moments about the hip, knee, and ankle during the single-stance and swing phases, and EMG of key leg muscles. Results: Net metabolic rate during walking increased with load mass and more distal location and was correlated with I-leg (r(2) = 0.43). Thigh loading was relatively inexpensive, helping to explain why the metabolic rate during walking is not strongly affected by body mass distribution. Kinematics, single-stance and swing-phase muscle moments, and EMG were similar while walking with no load or with waist, thigh, or shank loads. The increase in net metabolic rate with foot loading was associated with greater EMG of muscles that initiate leg swing and greater swing-phase muscle moments. Conclusions: Distal leg loads increase the metabolic rate required for swinging the leg. The increase in metabolic rate with more proximal loads may be attributable to a combination of supporting (via hip abduction muscles) and propagating the swing