Controlled Fabrication and Water Collection Ability of Bioinspired Artificial Spider Silks
Controlled Fabrication and Water Collection Ability of Bioinspired Artificial Spider Silks
复制标题
仿生人造蜘蛛丝的受控制造和集水能力
DOI：
10.1002/adma.201101740
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发表时间：
2011-08-23
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
Jiang, Lei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bai, Hao;Ju, Jie;Jiang, Lei
图1。通过将尼龙纤维从PMMA/DMF溶液中拉出，在不同条件下获得了低音鱼的光学图像。拉伸速度从10、50、100、150改变为200 mm/min，溶液浓度从3%、5%、7%、9%改变为11%(PMMA质量分数)。在c)中的图像中，当浓度或速度太低而不能形成圆柱形溶液薄膜时，纤维上没有明显的纺锤结。在a)中的图像中，如果溶液的浓度太高，以至于在干燥之前无法分解成液滴，则结的周期性很差，并且结总是处于不对称的形状。在b)中的图像中，溶液浓度和抽出速度都得到了优化，在尼龙纤维上形成了具有良好周期性的纺锤结。从雾中取水是解决缺水问题的可行途径，特别是在干旱和多雾地区。[1-7]在自然界中，一些生物已经发展出惊人的集水能力，这要归功于它们表面的特殊微结构和纳米结构，例如沙漠甲虫[8]和甲虫蜘蛛。[9]沙漠甲虫的背部有疏水和亲水区域的图案。水滴首先凝结在亲水性区域，然后由于重力而从背面滚落。已经进行了一些研究，通过在具有图案润湿性的生物灵感二维基质上收集水来模仿甲虫的背部。[10-12]
Figure 1 . Optical images of BASs fabricated at different conditions by drawing the nylon fi bers out of the PMMA/DMF solution. The drawing out velocity is changed from 10, 50, 100, 150, to 200 mm/min, and the solution concentration is changed from 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, to 11% (PMMA in weight). In the images in c), where the concentration or velocity is too low to form the cylindrical solution fi lm, no obvious spindle-knots are found on the fi bers. In the images in a), where the concentration is too high for the solution fi lm to break up into droplets before being dried, the periodicity of the knots is poor and the knots are always in the asymmetric shape. In the images in b), where both the solution concentration and drawing out velocity are optimized, spindle-knots with good periodicity are fabricated on the nylon fi bers. Collecting water from fog is a feasible route to solve the problem of water shortage, especially in dry and fog-laden areas. [ 1–7 ] In nature some creatures have developed the amazing ability to collect water owing to special microand nanostructures on their surfaces, such as desert beetles [ 8 ] and cribellate spiders. [ 9 ] The desert beetle’s back is patterned with hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. Water droplets fi rst condense on the hydrophilic region and then roll off the back because of gravity. Some research has been carried out to mimic the beetle’s back by collecting water on bioinspired two-dimensional substrates with patterned wettability. [ 10–12 ]