A STUDY OF SEXUAL ISOLATION BETWEEN CERTAIN STRAINS OF DROSOPHILA PAULISTORUM
A STUDY OF SEXUAL ISOLATION BETWEEN CERTAIN STRAINS OF DROSOPHILA PAULISTORUM
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1965.tb01694.x
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发表时间：
1965-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
C. Malogolowkin-Cohen;A. Simmons;H. Levene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Malogolowkin-Cohen;A. Simmons;H. Levene
超种果蝇（Drosophila paulistorum Dobzhansky and Pavan）由6个不同程度的生殖隔离种组成。涉及的两种主要隔离机制是性（行为学）隔离和杂交雄性不育（Dobzhansky和Spassky, 1959； Dobzhansky等人，1964）。几乎可以肯定，在两种机制中，性隔离在阻止早期物种在其自然栖息地之间进行基因交换方面是更有效的。这似乎是一个普遍的规则，当两个或两个以上的早期物种在同一领域是同域的，它们之间不会自发形成杂交，在实验室实验中，杂交只能以相当大的困难进行，总是产生不育的杂交。另一方面，在一些只有一个种族居住的地区发现了所谓的过渡性菌株。因此，在巴西东北部只发现了安第斯-巴西人种，并且来自该地区人群的一些品系与异域亚马逊人种的一些品系杂交，产生了可育的杂交后代（Malogolowkin, 1962, 1963; Malogolowkin et al., 1964）。另一方面，在地理位置偏远的同一种族的品系之间的杂交中遇到了不同程度的性隔离（Carmody等人，1962年）。许多关于圣保罗金蝇性隔离的实验工作都使用了所谓的“雄性选择”方法。属于两个不同品系或种族的处女雌性群体与其中一个品系的雄性群体在一定的时间间隔内被限制在一起；所有的雌性都是
The superspecies Drosophila paulistorum Dobzhansky and Pavan consists of six races or incipient species which exhibit various degrees of reproductive isolation from each other. The two principal isolating mechanisms involved are sexual (ethological) isolation and sterility of hybrid males (Dobzhansky and Spassky, 1959; Dobzhansky et al., 1964). Sexual isolation is almost certainly the more effective of the two mechanisms in preventing gene exchange between the incipient species in their natural habitats. It appears to be a general rule that where two or more of the incipient species are sympatric in the same territory, no hybrids between them are formed spontaneously, and crosses can be made in laboratory experiments only with considerable difficulty, always yielding sterile hybrids. On the other hand, socalled transitional strains are found in some territories inhabited by only one race. Thus, only the Andean-Brazilian race is found in northeastern Brazil, and some of the strains derived from the populations of that region cross to some strains of the allopatric Amazonian race and produce fertile hybrid sons (Malogolowkin, 1962, 1963; Malogolowkin et al., 1964). On the other hand, various degrees of sexual isolation have been encountered in crosses between strains of the same race from geographically remote localities (Carmody ct al., 1962). Much of the experimental work on sexual isolation in D. paulistorum has used the so-called "male choice" method. Groups of virgin females belonging to two different strains or races are confined for a certain time interval with males of one of the strains; all of the females are then