Response of soil microbial biomass and community structures to conventional and organic farming systems under identical crop rotations
Response of soil microbial biomass and community structures to conventional and organic farming systems under identical crop rotations
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00318.x
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Fliessbach, Andreas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esperschuetz, Juergen;Gattinger, Andreas;Fliessbach, Andreas
在这项研究中，不同的耕作制度对微生物群落结构的影响进行了分析，从DOK长期在瑞士，其中包括有机（BIODYN和BIOORG）和常规（CONFYM和CONMIN）耕作系统，以及未施肥的控制（NOFERT）的田间试验的土壤样品。我们研究了冬小麦地块中的微生物群落在两个不同的点在作物轮作（马铃薯和玉米后）。采用扩展极性脂质分析多达244种不同的磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）和磷脂醚脂质（PLEL）进行检测。BIODYN和BIOORG中PLFA和PLEL的浓度较高，表明有机农业对微生物生物量有显着影响。施用农家肥（FYM）对特定区域生物量、多样性指数和微生物群落结构的影响最强，前茬作物最弱。从缓慢生长的细菌（K-战略家）的酯联PLFA表现出最强的反应，长期有机施肥。虽然最高的真菌生物量被发现在两个有机系统的DOK田间试验，根据管理制度的社区结构的分化的贡献是相对较低的。普罗维登西亚社区对传统或有机耕作管理的反应最为强烈。
In this study the influence of different farming systems on microbial community structure was analyzed using soil samples from the DOK long-term field experiment in Switzerland, which comprises organic (BIODYN and BIOORG) and conventional (CONFYM and CONMIN) farming systems as well as an unfertilized control (NOFERT). We examined microbial communities in winter wheat plots at two different points in the crop rotation (after potatoes and after maize). Employing extended polar lipid analysis up to 244 different phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and phospholipid ether lipids (PLEL) were detected. Higher concentrations of PLFA and PLEL in BIODYN and BIOORG indicated a significant influence of organic agriculture on microbial biomass. Farmyard manure (FYM) application consistently revealed the strongest, and the preceding crop the weakest, influence on domain-specific biomass, diversity indices and microbial community structures. Esterlinked PLFA from slowly growing bacteria (k-strategists) showed the strongest responses to long-term organic fertilization. Although the highest fungal biomass was found in the two organic systems of the DOK field trial, their contribution to the differentiation of community structures according to the management regime was relatively low. Prokaryotic communities responded most strongly to either conventional or organic farming management.